Collection 7

Question 1

is when people are selfish and do everything in their own self-interest. Rational egoists act rationally for their long term happiness. He would be happier with dying, than continuing to live knowing that the illness will slowly kill him.

Answer 1

Rational egoism

Question 2

claims that I ought to perform some action if and only if, and because, performing that action maximizes my self-interest. (As with ethical egoism, there are variants which drop maximization or evaluate rules or character traits rather than actions. There are also variants which make the maximization of self-interest necessary but not sufficient, or sufficient but not necessary, for an action to be the action I ought to perform. Again, I set these issues aside.) Rational egoism makes claims about what I ought, or have reason, to do, without restricting the “ought” or “reason” to a moral “ought” or “reason.”

Answer 2

Rational egoism

Question 3

in a way that shows a casual and cheerful indifference considered to be callous or improper.

LITERARY
in a happy or carefree manner.

Answer 3

blithe·ly

“they blithely ignored any evidence that did not support their theory”

Question 4

an unprincipled person (often used humorously or affectionately).

Answer 4

rep·ro·bate

Question 5

a statement of the beliefs or aims which guide someone’s actions.

Answer 5

cre·do

Question 6

relating to death, judgment, and the final destiny of the soul and of humankind.

Answer 6

es·chat·o·log·i·cal

Question 7

characterized by or favoring schism. Separatist, heterodox

Answer 7

schis·mat·ic

Question 8

a split or division between strongly opposed sections or parties, caused by differences in opinion or belief. Division

Answer 8

schism

Question 9

cheerful and full of energy.

Answer 9

e·bul·lient

Question 10

original or primitive.
“prototherian”
first; anterior; relating to a precursor.
“protomartyr”

Answer 10

proto-

Question 11

not showing due respect for another person; impertinent.

Answer 11

im·pu·dent

Question 12

1. an attempt to make something that is not the case appear true.
   “his anger is masked by a BLANK that all is well”
2. a claim, especially a false or ambitious one.
   “he was quick to disclaim any BLANK to superiority”

Answer 12

pre·tense

Question 13

inflicting or intended as punishment. Penal, Disciplinary

Answer 13

pu·ni·tive “he called for punitive measures against the Eastern bloc”

Question 14

deceit used in order to achieve one’s goal.

Answer 14

sub·ter·fuge

Question 15

an unhealthy pale appearance.

Answer 15

pal·lor

Question 16

an alcoholic drink taken before a meal to stimulate the appetite.

Answer 16

a·pe·ri·tif

Question 17

the two on dice or playing cards.

Answer 17

deuce

Question 18

a surgical operation involving incision into the prefrontal lobe of the brain, formerly used to treat mental illness.

Answer 18

lo·bot·o·my

Question 19

a man.

Answer 19

bloke

Question 20

a medieval sports contest in which two opponents on horseback, typically knights, fight with lances.

Answer 20

jousting