Collapse Flashcards
Causes of collapse
Cardiac - arrhythmias - structural cardiac (Valvular, AS, HOCM, Cardiac tamponade, PHTN, aortic dissection, MI) Hypoglycaemia Electrolytes Intoxication Stroke Epilepsy Pseudosyncope Head trauma Shock Orthostatic Vasovagal Situational Carotid syncope
What is pseudosyncope?
Functional rather than organic cause (psych)
Types of shock
Cardiogenic Neurogenic Anaphylactic Hypovolaemic (Septic)
What does orthostatic collapse involve?
Drop in BP
Why does syncope occur?
Due to cerebral hypoperfusion (lack of O2 and glucose)
Why does vasovagal syncope occur?
Due to a stimulus that produces a vegetative reaction
What does the Valsalva manoeuvre cause?
Increased intrathoracic pressure
What can situational syncope be caused by?
Valsalva manouvre
What is the body detects BP?
Baro receptors
Explain carotid syncope
The baro receptors test pressure. If pressured then think there is HTN and so dilate and cause a faint
Causes of carotid syncope
Shaving
Neck massage
Tight shirts
Causes of orthostatic syncope
Prolonged standing
Change in posture
Vasodilators
Examples of aura of seizures
De ja vu
Olfactory hallucinations
Funny taste
Automatisms
Why do you get incontinence in seizures?
Tonic clonic seizures occur then the whole body relaxes, including the sphincters
