Cold War Terms

Question 1

Long Telegram

Answer 1

George Kennan
Advice for USSR containment

Question 2

Iron curtain

Answer 2

Term of Winston Churchill

Question 3

Truman Doctrine

Answer 3

Containment
Financial Aid to Greece and Turkey
- Britain could no longer provide
- threatened by communism

Question 4

Marshall Plan

Answer 4

Sec. Of State George C Marshall,
Financial aid so populace did not turn to communism

Question 5

GATT

Answer 5

General Agreement of Trades and Tariffs,
Western nations agree to stimulate more free trade

Question 6

Reconstruction of Japan

Answer 6

Under leadership of General MacArthur
Japanese democratic constitution
- Women right to vote
- Renouce policy of war
Economic reconstruction
- industrial base

Question 7

Berlin Blockade

Answer 7

○ US, Brit, Fr, make separate currency for German areas

○ SU cuts off all traffic to retaliate

○ Airlift to provide resources
■ Forced SU (Stalin) to stand down

Question 8

NATO

Answer 8

○ Mutual defense of each nation
○ West Germany added

Question 9

Warsaw Pact

Answer 9

USSR version of NATO
Eastern European countries

Question 10

Chinese Civil War

Answer 10

Win for Mao Zedong and Communists
Truman Administration blocked communist china from UN

Question 11

NSC-68

Answer 11

Increase in military spending

Question 12

Korean War

Answer 12

Douglas MacArthur - general
○ Chinese pushback
■ MacArthur wants to retaliate
■ Truman relieves MacArthur for his criticism

Question 13

SEATO (SE Asia) & CENTO (mid east)

Answer 13

further “NATO’s”

Question 14

Walter Lippmann

Answer 14

Journalist
Objected to foreign policy
- warned that it was a mistake

Question 15

Decolonization

Answer 15

○ Free world should not have colonies and empires
○ Interest of liberals and black leaders
○ Dismissed by US in interest of solidarity against communism
■ Better to have a colony with a forced democratic government than a free nation that turns to communism

Question 16

Totalitarianism

Answer 16

The term that describes aggressive, ideologically driven states that seek to
subdue all of civil society to their control, thus leaving no room for individual
rights or alternative values.

Question 17

Fair Deal

Answer 17

Domestic reform proposals of the Truman administration; included civil rights
legislation, national health insurance, and repeal of the Taft-Hartley Act, but
only extensions of some New Deal programs were enacted.

Question 18

Operation Dixie

Answer 18

CIO’s largely ineffective post–World War II campaign to unionize southern workers.

Question 19

Taft-Hartley Act

Answer 19

1947 law passed over President Harry Truman’s veto; the law contained a
number of provisions to weaken labor unions, including the banning of closed
shops (can only employ members of a union).

Question 20

Dixiecrats

Answer 20

Lower South delegates who walked out of the 1948 Democratic national
convention in protest of the party’s support for civil rights legislation and later formed the States’ Rights Democratic (Dixiecrat) Party, which nominated Strom Thurmond of South Carolina for president.

Question 21

McCarran-Walter Act

Answer 21

Immigration legislation passed in 1952 that allowed the government to deport
immigrants who had been identified as communists, regardless of whether or not
they were citizens.

Question 22

McCarthyism

Answer 22

Post–World War II Red Scare focused on the fear of Communists in U.S. government positions; peaked during the Korean War; most closely associated with Joseph McCarthy, a major instigator of the hysteria.

Question 23

Hollywood Ten

Answer 23

○ A group called before the House Un-American Activities Committee who refused
to speak about their political leanings or “name names”—that is, identify
communists in Hollywood. Some were imprisoned as a res

Question 24

Army-McCarthy hearings

Answer 24

Televised U.S. Senate hearings in 1954 on Senator Joseph McCarthy’s charges of disloyalty in the army; his tactics contributed to his censure by the Senate.