cold war section 1 Flashcards
when was the Tehran Conference
28 Nov-1 Dec 1943
what were the desicions made at the tehran conference
1.Britain and Usa would open a second front by invading Nazi occupied France in May 1944
2.Soviet Union will declare war on France once Germany was defeated
3.A UN was to be set up after the war
4.Stalin was promised back the lands he lost to Poland
5.Ussr and america+britain will each have there own sphere of influence
impact of the tehran conference
1.Eased tensions as before Stalin was afraid that USA
+UK were deliberately delaying opening up a second front to further weaken the SU but that was disproved
2.Stalin and Roosevelt good relations might create a position where the Big Three became the Big Two
when was the Yalta Conference
4-11 Feb 1945
what was agreed upon at the yalta conference
1.Stalin agreed to let Russian troops help America defeat Japan once Hitler had been defeated
2.’Declaration of Liberated Europe’ committed the USSR,USA,UK to work together for democracy in Europe
3.All agreed to set up UN commited to maintaining peace
4.Restated there sphere of influence agreement
5.Future Germany will be split into four zones later decided that Berlin will be split in four as well
what were the disagreement at the yalta conference
1.Reperations for Germany.Stalin wanted to cripple Germany so they could never start a war again but Churchill argues that too harsh punishment would spirk up a war again.A figure of 20 billion dollars was put forward
2.Stalin promised free elections in lands Soviet army occupied but had no intention of doing so, just wanted to acquire more land
3.Disagreement of each allies version of democracy.
when was Potsdam confernce
17 July - 2 August 1945
what was the change in circumstances before yalta
1.Germany defeated in May 1945
2.Scientists in USA developed first atomic bomb
3.UN created in June 1945 in the Treaty of San Fransico
who were the change in personnel
1.Roosevelt>Truman
2.Churchill>Attlee
what did they agree on at the yalta conference
1.ban+dissolve Nazi party
2.free elections,speech and press
3.Germany split into four with France,USA,UK,USSR all getting a piece
3.Germany de-militarised.All German naval+merchant ships given to allies
what did they disagree at yalta conference
1.Reperations
-an amount couldn’t be decided so they decided each ally will do what they want with the area they control.Unfair as USSR section was poorer than the West so they gave them a quarter of their industrial equipment in return for East German raw materials
2.Eastern Europe
-Stalin wanted control of Eastern Europe as a defensive measure but Truman saw that as an act of communist aggression
3.Atomic Bomb
-to assert his authority Truman deliberately delayed the meeting for America
what was the war of words
Churchill’s Iron Curtain -March 1946
>’an iron curtain curtain has descended across the continent’
Stalins repsonse-March 1946
>’Mr Churchill and his friends bear a striking resemblance to Hitler and his friends.’
what was the American secret telegram
Long telegram 1946-Truman
>reported that stalin has given a speech calling for the destruction of capitalism
>no peace with the USSR while it was opposed to capitalism
>they were building up there military power
what was the USSR secret telegram
Novikov’s Telegram 1946
>America wanted to dominate the world
>After Truman died they no longer intended to work with the USSR
>American public was being prepared for war with the UUSR
what is a satellite
a country that is officially independent but in reality controlled by another country
three examples of satellite states
Hungary,Czechoslovakia,Poland
Why did truman have an issue with Stalin having satellite states
Stalin had satellite states as a useful buffer zone between the Soviet Union and Germany to prevent Germany from invading them for the third time.But instead truman saw this as them tryna spread communism worldwide
When was the Truman Doctrine created
1947
What was the Truman doctrine
America would send troops + economic resources to help governments that were threatened by communists as communism should not be allowed to grow and gain territory
When was the Marshall Plan created
1947
What was the significance of the Truman doctrine
Ended Americas period of isolationism
Divided the world into two clear ideologies: communism and capitalism thus the unofficial end of the Grand Alliance
Shows America was committed to containment
What did Comiform stand for and when was it made
The Communist Information Bureau 1947
why was the marshall plan and truman doctrine created
The idea of communism seemed very appealing to countries who were economically struggling after WW2 as the ideas of sharing resources was very nice.So America wanted to combat that
what was the marshall plan
the commitment of $13 billion dollars of American money to rebuilding the devasted economies of Europe.
What did you have to do in order to qualify for the Marshall Plan
European countries had to agree to freely trade with America
What did Stalin refer to the Marshall Plan as
Dollar imperialism.America buying influence of other European countries
