Cold War Escalation Abroad

Question 1

Yalta Conference

(1945) Truman

Answer 1

Divides Germany into 4 parts
Divides Berlin into 4 parts
(1. US, 2. GB, 3. Fr, 4. SU)

Question 2

Marshall Plan

1947

Answer 2

US offers aid to all European countries to help rebuild; only Western Europe accepts

Question 3

Truman Doctrine

1947

Answer 3

US must protect free nations from communism

Question 4

Berlin Airlift

1948

Answer 4

Stalin wants to run US out of , blockades city, Truman drops food from planes

Question 5

Formation of NATO

1949

Answer 5

Organization of western nations for collective security against Soviets

Question 6

Fall of China

1949

Answer 6

Communists led by Mao Zedong overthrow democratic government in China

Question 7

Nuclear Arms Race

1949

Answer 7

Purpose of Arms Race: Deterrence
US Accomplishment: Hydrogen Bomb
Soviet Accomplishment: ICBMs (Intercontinental Ballistic Missile)

Question 8

Korean War (1950-1953)

Answer 8

Communist North Korea, with Soviet help, invades democratic South Korea; US helps South Korea

Question 9

Warsaw Pact (1955)

Answer 9

Soviet response to the creation of NATO; collective security for eastern Europe

Question 10

Space Race (1957-1969)Eisenhower
Kennedy
Nixon

Answer 10

Soviet Accomplishments: Sputnik

US Accomplishment: First Man on Moon

Question 11

Vietnam War1954-1975
Eisenhower
Kennedy
L. Johnson 
Nixon

Answer 11

Communist North Vietnam invades democratic South Korea ; US helps South Vietnam

Question 12

U2 Incident

1960 Eisenhower

Answer 12

Soviets shoot down US spy plane flying over Soviet Union

Question 13

Bay of Pigs Invasion

1961 Kennedy

Answer 13

Attempted overthrow of Communist Cuban leader Fidel Castro; Failed

Question 14

Berlin Crisis

1961 Kennedy

Answer 14

JFK meets with Soviet leader Khrushchev and leaves feeling bullied; Soviets build Berlin Wall to separate East and West Berlin

Question 15

Cuban Missile Crisis

(1962) Kennedy

Answer 15

US finds Soviet missiles in Communist Cuba; US blockades leading to near nuclear disaster

Question 16

Limited Test Ban Treaty

1963 Kennedy

Answer 16

Treaty signed between US, Great Britain, and Soviet Union to stop above ground nuclear testing

Question 17

Détente

1968 Nixon

Answer 17

Policy of relieving tensions between the US, China, and the Soviet Union

Question 18

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I)

1972 Nixon

Answer 18

Limited offensive nuclear weapons between the US and the Soviet Union

Question 19

Boycott of Olympics

1980 Carter

Answer 19

Soviets invaded Afghanistan, US refuses to attend the Olympic games in Moscow

Question 20

Strategic Defense Initiative

1983 Reagan

Answer 20

Aka “Star Wars” – Wanted to create a massive shield in space to intercept and destroy Soviet missiles

Question 21

Grenada Invasion

1983 Reagan

Answer 21

Pro-Cuban government took over in Grenada; US helps oust regime

Question 22

Iran-Contra Affair

1986 Reagan

Answer 22

US sells weapons to and uses money to support anti-communist Contras in Nicaragua; illegal

Question 23

Gorbachev Controls Soviet Union

1985 R

Answer 23

Gorbachev institutes glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in Soviet Union

Question 24

Fall of Berlin Wall

1989 Bush 1

Answer 24

East Germany allows free travel for first time between East and West; People flood over Berlin Wall and tear it down

Question 25

USSR Collapses

1991 Bush I

Answer 25

Gorbachev resigns from presidency of the Soviet Union and collapses