Cold War dates Flashcards

1
Q

Tehran Conference

A

Nov 1943

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2
Q

Yalta Conference

A

Feb 1945

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3
Q

Potsdam Conference

A

July-Aug 1945

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4
Q

Germany’s defeat

A

May 1945

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5
Q

US atomic bomb developed

A

1945

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6
Q

war against Japan ended

A

Aug 1945

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7
Q

Soviet atomic bomb developed

A

Aug 1949

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8
Q

Long Telegram & Novikov Telegram

A

1946

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9
Q

Iron Curtain speech

A

Mar 1946

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10
Q

Lithuania, Latvia & Estonia not granted own gov.s & treated as part of Soviet Union

A

1940

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11
Q

Poles staged Warsaw Uprising (against German army) but crushed & given pro-Communist gov. by USSR

A

1944

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12
Q

Bulgaria, Romania & eastern zone of Germany given ‘free elections; but intimidated to vote communist

A

1944-45

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13
Q

communist party supported by Moscow won elections in Hungary (rigged)

A

1947

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14
Q

Hungary one party state

A

by 1949

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15
Q

communist coup supported by Stalin in Czechoslovakia

A

1948

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16
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

Mar 1947

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17
Q

Marshall Plan

A

June 1947

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18
Q

Communist Information Bureau (Cominform)

A

Sep 1947

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19
Q

Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon)

A

Jan 1949

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20
Q

Comecon tried to organise industrial planning across satellite states

A

after 1953

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21
Q

(Berlin blockade) Soviets stormed out of talks

A

Dec 1947

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22
Q

France joined zone of Germany with Britain & USA to create Trizonia

A

Mar 1948

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23
Q

Western allies created Deutschmark

A

June 1948

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24
Q

Stalin shut off land routes across Soviet controlled E. G.

A

June 1948

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25
Q

170,000 tonnes of supplies received by W. Berlin

A

Jan 1949

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26
Q

(Berlin Blockade) Stalin lifted the blockade

A

9th May 1949

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27
Q

Federal Republic of Germany (W)

A

May 1949

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28
Q

German Democratic Republic (E)

A

Oct 1949

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29
Q

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)

A

Apr 1949

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30
Q

FRG joined NATO

A

May 1955

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31
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

May 1955

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32
Q

USA developed hydrogen bomb

A

1952

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33
Q

USSR developed hydrogen bomb

A

1953

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34
Q

USA developed inter-continental ballistic missiles (ICBMs)

A

1957

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35
Q

USSR ensured friendly communist gov. in Poland by removing political opponents

A

1947

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36
Q

Khrushchev became leader of USSR

A

1956

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37
Q

Khrushchev’s ‘secret speech’

A

1956

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38
Q

(Hungarian Uprising) Rakosi (unpop) replaced by Nagy (pop)

A

Oct 1956

39
Q

(Hungarian Uprising) Nagy announced plans to withdraw from Warsaw Pact

A

1st Nov 1956

40
Q

(Hungarian Uprising) Khrushchev ordered invasion of H.

A

4th Nov 1956

41
Q

3 million Germans had fled E. G. & over 20,000 were fleeing every month

A

by 1958

42
Q

(Khrushchev) Geneva & Camp David Summits

A

1959

43
Q

(Khrushchev & Eisenhower) Paris Summit (Gary Powers)

A

1960

44
Q

(Khrushchev & JFK) Vienna Summit

A

1961

45
Q

E. German troops built barbed wire fence around Berlin & between E. & W. Berlin

A

night of 12th Aug 1961

46
Q

group of revolutionaries led by Fidel Castro toppled pro-American gov. of Cuba led by General Batista

A

1959

47
Q

(CMC) Castro nationalised all industry

A

May 1959

48
Q

USSR began to buy Cuban sugar

A

Feb 1960

49
Q

US reduced amount of Cuban sugar they bought

A

July 1960

50
Q

US & Cuba broke off diplomatic relations

A

Jan 1961

51
Q

JFK authorised CIA plan to use Cuban exiles to invade Cuba & remove Castro

A

1961

52
Q

Bay of Pigs invasion

A

Apr 1961

53
Q

U2 spy plane took photos showing Soviet IRBM bases being constructed on Cuba

A

14th Oct 1962

54
Q

(CMC) Soviet ships reached blockade & turned around

A

24th Oct 1962

55
Q

(CMC) Khrushchev sent his agreement & crisis ended

A

28th Oct 1962

56
Q

direct communications line (hotline)

A

June 1963

57
Q

Test Ban Treaty

A

Aug 1963

58
Q

Outer Space Treaty

A

1967

59
Q

Czechoslovakia essentially controlled by USSR

A

since 1948

60
Q

(Czechoslovakia) protests against low standard of living & lack of freedom grew

A

by 1966

61
Q

(Czechoslovakia) Novotny replaced by Dubcek

A

Jan 1968

62
Q

Dubcek introduced the Prague Spring reforms

A

April 1968

63
Q

500,000 Warsaw Pact troops entered Czechoslovakia

A

20th Aug 1968

64
Q

USA occupied with Vietnam War since

A

1965

65
Q

SALT I (Strategic Arms Limitations Talks)

A

May 1972

66
Q

Helsinki Accords

A

Aug 1975

67
Q

Apollo-Soyuz space link up

A

1975 (after Helsinki Accords)

68
Q

talks working towards second SALT continued until

A

18th June 1979

69
Q

Iranian hostage crisis

A

1979 (before SALT II)

70
Q

Hafizullah Amin staged popular coup in Afghanistan

A

Sep 1979

71
Q

(Afghanistan) pro-Soviet gov. had been in power since

A

1978

72
Q

Brezhnev ordered 50,000 Soviet troops to invade Afghanistan

A

24th Dec 1979 - 1st Jan 1980

73
Q

(Afghanistan) Amin assassinated by USSR

A

27th Dec 1979

74
Q

Carter Doctrine issued in State of the Union speech

A

Jan 1980

75
Q

Moscow Olympic Games

A

1980

76
Q

Olympics in Los Angeles

A

1984

77
Q

Ronald Reagan defeated Jimmy Carter in US presidential election

A

1980

78
Q

Reagan persuaded Congress to increase US spending on arms & defence by 13% in … & further 8% in …

A

1982
1983

79
Q

(Reagan) Soviet economy in desperate state

A

by 1985

80
Q

Reagan gave speech to Christian group describing Soviet Union as ‘evil empire’

A

1983

81
Q

Reagan announced Strategic Defence Initiative

A

1983

82
Q

Mikhail Gorbachev became leader of USSR & introduced range of reforms know as ‘new thinking’

A

1985

83
Q

(Gorbachev & Reagan) Geneva Summit

A

1985

84
Q

(Gorbachev & Reagan) Reykjavik Summit

A

1986

85
Q

(Gorbachev & Reagan) Washington Summit (signed INF Treaty)

A

1987

86
Q

panicked border guards opened gates in Berlin Wall

A

9th Nov 1989

87
Q

Germany reunified as one country

A

Oct 1990

88
Q

Gorbachev announced he would permanently disband Warsaw Pact

A

July 1991

89
Q

Baltic Sates (Latvia, Lithuania & Estonia) declared independence

A

throughout 1990 / by end of 1990

90
Q

communist gov.s began to be replaced across E. Europe

A

throughout 1989&1990

91
Q

(Gorbachev & Bush) Malta Summit (promised co-operation)

A

1989

92
Q

Gang of Eight staged military coup in Soviet Union

A

Aug 1991

93
Q

Gorbachev resigned

A

25th Dec 1991