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Social Studies 30-1 > Cold War and Dictatorships > Flashcards

Cold War and Dictatorships Flashcards

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1
Q

Krushchev

A

Soviet leader who initiated de-Stalinization and faced the Cuban Missile Crisis

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1
Q

Stalin

A

Leader of the Soviet Union, known for totalitarian rule and the spread of communist influence

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2
Q

Brezhnev

A

Soviet leader known for economic stagnation and the Brezhnev Doctrine, asserting Soviet control over satellite states. (SALT)

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3
Q

What does SALT stand for

A

State and Local Tax

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4
Q

Gorbachev

A

Last leader of the Soviet Union. Known for reforms like Glasnost and Perestroika, leading to the USSR’s collapse

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5
Q

Truman

A

US president that implemented the Truman Doctrine and oversaw the start of the Cold War

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6
Q

Eisenhower

A

US president promoting Cold War containment through deterrence and covert operations

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7
Q

Kennedy

A

US president known for the Cuban Missile Crisis, space race and civil rights initiative

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8
Q

Nixon

A

US president who opened relations with China and pursued dentente witht the Soviet Union

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9
Q

Reagan

A

US president who escalated Cold War tensions with a strong anti-soviet stance and increased military spending

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10
Q

McCarthy

A

US senator infamous for leading anti-communist witch hunts during the Red Scare of the 1950s

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11
Q

Who was the US president when Khrushchev was in power

A

End of Truman
All of Eisenhower
Beginning of Kennedy

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12
Q

Who was the US president when Brezhnev was in power

A

Rest of Kennedy
All of Nixon
Start of Reagan

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13
Q

Who was the US president when Gorbachev was in power

A

Rest of Reagan

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14
Q

Who was the US president when Stalin was in power

A

Roosevelt

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15
Q

Expansionism

A

The policy of extending a nation’s influence or territory, often through military or ideological means.

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16
Q

Containment

A

U.S. strategy to prevent the spread of communism globally during the Cold War.

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17
Q

Deterrence

A

The strategy of building military power to discourage enemy aggression, especially with nuclear weapons

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18
Q

Brinkmanship

A

A Cold War tactic of pushing dangerous conflicts to the edge of war to achieve political goals.

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19
Q

Détente

A

A period of eased tensions and improved relations between the U.S. and the Soviet Union during the 1970s

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20
Q

Nonalignment

A

The stance of nations refusing to side with either the U.S. or USSR during the Cold War

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21
Q

Liberation movements

A

Struggles for independence or political freedom, often in colonial or oppressed regions

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22
Q

Demilitarized

A

An area where military forces and installations are prohibited, like the Korean DMZ

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23
Q

Armistice

A

An agreement to stop fighting temporarily, often preceding a peace treaty, such as in the Korean War

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23
Q

Covert

A

Secretive operations or actions, often used for espionage or political intervention during the Cold War

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24
Q

Sphere of influence

A

A region dominated by one superpower’s political, economic, or military control

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25
Q

Domino Theory

A

The belief that if one nation falls to communism, neighboring countries would follow

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26
Q

Truman Doctorine

A

U.S. policy to provide aid to countries resisting communism, starting with Greece and Turkey

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27
Q

Marshall Plan

A

U.S. program providing economic aid to rebuild Western Europe after WWII to counter communism

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28
Q

Brezhnev Doctrine

A

Soviet policy asserting the right to intervene in socialist countries to maintain communist rule

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29
Q

Isolationist/Interventionist

A

Approaches to foreign policy, with isolationism avoiding involvement and interventionism engaging actively in global affairs

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30
Q

Berlin Airlift/Berlin Wall

A

The Airlift supplied West Berlin during the Soviet blockade; the Wall symbolized Cold War division

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31
Q

NATO

A

Western Military alliance

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32
Q

NORAD

A

Defends North America

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33
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

A Soviet bloc alliance

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34
Q

Nuclear Treaties

A

Agreements like the NPT and SALT to limit or reduce nuclear weapons during the Cold War

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35
Q

Hungarian Revolution

A

A 1956 uprising against Soviet control in Hungary, crushed by Soviet forces

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36
Q

Prague Spring

A

A 1968 reform movement in Czechoslovakia for liberalization, ended by a Soviet-led invasion

37
Q

Solidarity Movement

A

A Polish labor union that sparked resistance to Soviet rule, leading to democratic reforms

38
Q

Ping-pong diplomacy in China

A

The use of table tennis matches in the 1970s to thaw relations between the U.S. and China

39
Q

Cuban Missile Crisis

A

A 1962 Cold War standoff over Soviet missiles in Cuba, nearly leading to nuclear war.

40
Q

Citizen Advocacy

A

The act of supporting or representing the interests of individuals or communities, often in political or social matters

41
Q

Citizenship

A

The legal status of being a recognized member of a state, with associated rights and duties.

42
Q

Civil Rights

A

The rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality, such as freedom of speech and voting rights.

43
Q

Civility

A

Behavior that is polite, respectful, and considerate in social interactions

44
Q

Common Good

A

The benefit or interests of all members of a society, often used in the context of public policy

45
Q

Dissent

A

The expression or holding of opinions contrary to those officially or commonly held

46
Q

Global Consciousness

A

Awareness of global issues and a sense of responsibility toward the broader world community

47
Q

Identity

A

The characteristics, values, or experiences that define an individual or group

48
Q

Ideology

A

A system of ideas or beliefs that forms the basis of political theory or policy

49
Q

Illiberalism

A

A political system that restricts or undermines civil liberties and democratic practices

50
Q

Individualism

A

The belief in the importance of individual rights and freedoms over collective or state control

51
Q

Liberalism

A

A political ideology advocating for individual freedoms, democracy, and limited government intervention in the economy

52
Q

Norms

A

Established standards of behaviour or customs in a society

53
Q

Perspective

A

A particular attitude or viewpoint on a subject, influenced by personal or cultural factors

54
Q

Progressivism

A

A political philosophy advocating for social reform and improvements in areas such as justice, equality, and environmentalism

55
Q

Self-Interest

A

The pursuit of personal benefits or gains, often used in economics to describe individuals acting to maximize their own welfare

56
Q

Humanitarian Crises

A

Events or conditions that threaten the health, safety, or well-being of a population, such as famine, war, or disease

57
Q

Civil Rights Movements

A

Social movements aimed at gaining or protecting rights for marginalized or oppressed groups, particularly in the U.S. during the 1950s-1960s

58
Q

Anti-War Movements

A

Social and political movements that oppose military conflict, often focused on preventing war or ending ongoing conflicts

59
Q

McCarthyism

A

The practice of making unfounded accusations of subversion or treason, especially related to communism, during the Cold War in the U.S

60
Q

Pro-Democracy Movements

A

Efforts to establish or restore democratic systems of government, particularly in authoritarian regimes

61
Q

“Great Man” Theory

A

The belief that history is shaped by the actions of influential, heroic individuals rather than broader social forces

62
Q

Anti-Semite

A

A person who holds prejudiced or discriminatory views against Jewish people

63
Q

Autocracy

A

A system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, such as a dictator

64
Q

Communism

A

A political and economic system where all property is owned by the community, and the state controls all means of production

65
Q

Conservatism

A

A political philosophy advocating for gradual change, tradition, and the preservation of established institutions, as articulated by Edmund Burke

66
Q

Coup d’état

A

A sudden, violent overthrow of an existing government, typically carried out by a small group of insiders

67
Q

Crisis Theory

A

The idea that social, political, or economic crises lead to significant societal or political changes

68
Q

Facism

A

An authoritarian, nationalist ideology that emphasizes strong centralized control, often marked by dictatorial leadership and suppression of opposition

69
Q

Glasnost

A

A policy introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union to increase transparency and freedom of expression, allowing for greater public discourse

70
Q

Junta

A

A military or political group that takes control of a government, typically after a coup

71
Q

Marxism

A

A theory of history and politics developed by Karl Marx, advocating for a classless society through the overthrow of capitalism and establishment of socialism

72
Q

Nazi Germany

A

The period of German history under Adolf Hitler’s dictatorship, marked by extreme nationalism, militarism, and the Holocaust

73
Q

Oligarchy

A

A political system where power rests in the hands of a small, privileged group, often based on wealth, family, or corporate control

74
Q

Perestroika

A

A series of political and economic reforms introduced by Gorbachev in the Soviet Union in the 1980s to restructure the economy and political system

75
Q

Totalitarianism

A

A political system where the state seeks to control all aspects of public and private life, often under a single, central leader

76
Q

USSR

A

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, a communist state that existed from 1922 to 1991, dominated by the Soviet Union and its leaders like Lenin, Stalin, and Gorbachev

77
Q

John Locke

A

Advocated for natural rights, government by consent, and the idea of the social contract as the foundation of political legitimacy

78
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

Emphasized the necessity of a strong central authority to avoid chaos, describing life in the state of nature as “nasty, brutish, and short”

79
Q

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

A

Proposed the concept of the “general will” and believed in direct democracy to achieve collective freedom

80
Q

John Staurt Mill

A

Championed individual liberty, free speech, and utilitarianism, balancing personal freedoms with societal well-being

81
Q

Edmund Burke

A

Advocated for conservatism, emphasizing tradition, gradual change, and the importance of inherited wisdom in governance

82
Q

Adam Smith

A

Laid the foundation of modern economics with his ideas on free markets, the division of labour, and the “invisible hand”

83
Q

Montesqueiu

A

Introduced the theory of the separation of powers to prevent tyranny and ensure liberty in governance

84
Q

Karl Marx

A

Critiqued capitalism and proposed communism as a classless society achieved through proletarian revolution

85
Q

Gandhi

A

Wanted indian independence from the britain
Made the British mad because of disobedience
Passive Resistance
Ex. Collect salt
Eventually the British agreed to leave

86
Q

Rosa Parks

A

Sat on a front seat on a bus and then people would not sit on that bus. Protest against the suppression of minorities.

87
Q

Martin Luther King

A

Visionary leader of the Civil Rights Movement, he championed nonviolent resistance to achieve racial equality and justice in the United States.

88
Q

Black Panther Movement

A

Put their efforts to void racism and promote freedom for minorities

89
Q

Malcolm X

A

A powerful advocate for Black empowerment and self-determination, he emphasized the importance of racial pride and addressing systemic injustice “by any means necessary

90
Q

Hippie Movements

A

Against the government (Unauthorized protests - illegal). Mainly because of the Vietnam War

91
Q

Land Claim Protests

A

Indigenous who were protesting over the aboriginal lands

Social Studies 30-1 (3 decks)

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