Cold War Flashcards
Where did the policy of containment come from ?
Kenan’s long telegram
What was Kenan’s long telegram ?
A document that highlights the dangers of the USSR , and how to combat it . For example it says :
.They are unorthodox / very risk averse .
.Highly sensitive to force , So the
US needs to tread carefully
.USSR will try to heavily weaken western powers
What does Kenan say that the US should do about the USSR
Educate the public about the dangers of communism .
Improve internal governments discipline in order to gain diplomatic victory .
Push the Capitalist dream to all nations by giving them aid .
Maintain strong beliefs and conceptions of human society .
How significant was Kenan ?
It was the decisive factor in Trumans stance of the Cold War
Gave a detailed explanation of Stalin’s possible intentions ( Stalin was going to prey on weak nations )
Kenans work helped stop the spread of Communism
Told about possible military advancements being made by the USSR . ( USSR could benefit from a demilitarised US )
Gave recommendations on how to protect Asia
What was Novikov’s analysis
Says that America wants to achieve world dominance by using the military . The US is limiting USSR influence in neighbouring countries
The US are building strategic bases in regions where they can launch their A bombs closer to the USSR
The USSR needs to strengthen their buffer zone in eastern Europe and support communist forces around the world
What was Containment ?
Preventing the further spread of communism .
What is the background of the Philippines ?
Former colony of the US
Resource rich
Invaded by the Japanese-heavily destroyed from WW2
Why was the Huk rebellion defeated ?
Did not spread across the Philippines - some areas were less radical .
Insufficient resources + manpower to carry on
Magasaysay was a good general who crushed the rebels . He reformed the army
Magasaysay reduced brutality against peasants . So they would end up siding with them instead of the Huks
What were the US’s aims with the Philippines
They wanted them to :
Adopts US values
Reject Communism
Act as a useful ally in the south
Economically exploited by the US
What were some successes of the model state in the Philippines ?
Filipino society became Americanised in its materialism and consumerism
Catholicism was popular , so there was very low support for Communism .
Bell trade act meant that they could only buy and sell to american producers
Military bases were built here - acted as a defence barrier .
US contributed lots of money to rebuilt infrastructure
What were some limitations of the Model state in the Philippines ?
Traditional Filipino elite retained power and it continued to be corrupt .
The economy was unbalanced by the BTA , It led to inflation
Roxas was unlikely to have won without MacArthur’s help
What were the US’s aims of the model state in japan ?
Not pose a threat to US interests
Punished for WW2
Anti-Communist posterchild
Share US liberal values
Useful Cold war ally
What were the US’s process with Japan
Revenge
Reform
Rebuild
Re-fang
Independance
How revolutionary was the reconstruction of Japan ?
Western style of rule was imposed , replacing the
imperialistic rule from before
Economic changes , a free market system replaced Japanese monopolies
Society changed , younger people adopted western values
How was the reconstruction of japan not so revolutionary ?
Some were not happy with the new democratic system .
Japanese monopolists returned
Adoption of american values was not universally accepted
What was the background of China before the Civil war ?
The Qing dynasty was overthrown by republicans , leading to conflict
Jiang Jeshi became the leader of the national government
They wanted to rule the country off three principles ( Nationalism , Democracy and land reform )
