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HISTORY FINAL FLASHCARDS > Cold War > Flashcards

Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

When did the Cold War take place

A

1945-1991 (46 years)

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2
Q

Who where the main 2 countries on each side of the Cold War

A

United States (NATO)

Soviet Union (Warsaw Pact)

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3
Q

The USA used _______ as a economic system during the Cold War

A

capitalism

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4
Q

The Soviet Union used _______ as a economic system and form of government

A

communism

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5
Q

Yalta

A

The Big Three (Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin) meet at YALTA (Black Sea port)
to discuss issues affecting the postwar world.
1)Soviet Union will enter Pacific war in return for territory in Asia.
2)Soviet Union wants buffer between enemies in the West.
3)U.S./Britain fear Soviet control of East & spread of communism.
4)Germany divided - 4 zones (U.S., Britain, France. Soviet Union)
5)FDR-United Nations

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6
Q

Iron curtain

A

Churchill’s Ideological & physical boundary, dividing Europe into two separate (competing) areas. 1945-1991

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7
Q

United Nations

A

50 nations met in San Francisco
–Settle disputes and hopefully prevent future wars

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8
Q

Potsdam Conference:

A

July, 1945
●FDR dead, Churchill out of office as Prime Minister during conference.
●Stalin only original.
●The United States has the A-bomb.
●Allies agree Germany is to be divided into 4 zones occupation zones
●Poland moved
around to suit
the Soviets.

P.M. Clement President Joseph
Atlee Truman Stalin
The goals of the conference also included the establishment of post-war order, peace treaties issues, and countering the effects of the war.

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9
Q

Truman Doctorine

A

a commitment to help countries threatened by communism

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10
Q

The Marshal Plan

A

US provide economic aid to European countries after WW2 to try to prevent the spread of communism

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11
Q

George Marshall

A

Secretary of state after WW2 that proposed the Marshall plan.

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12
Q

Berlin Airlift

A

American and British cargo planes drop food, fuel, and other supplies into West Berlin for 10 months

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13
Q

NATO

A

Founded 1949

North
Atlantic
Treaty
Organizarion

U.S Canada and 10 other countries

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14
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

1955

United U.S.S.R with other communist countries

Form a military alliance in response to NATO

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15
Q

G.I bill

A

Government provides wide-range of benefits for WW2 vets

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16
Q

Fair Deal

A

Trumans Domestic policy

Increase minimum wage
•Expand Social Security
•Increase federal spending to create jobs
•Build new public housing
•National healthcare reform

CONGRESS BLOCKS

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17
Q

Taft-Hartley Bill

A

Restricted the activities/power of labor unions

1) Outlawed the “closed shop” (workplace that hires only union members)
2) Allowed the government to stop strikes that endangered public health

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18
Q

Election 1948

A

Greatest upset in election history: Truman (D) defeats NY governor Thomas Dewey (R)

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19
Q

“Whistle-stop” tour

A

Truman travels 30,000 miles by train and delivers 250 speeches to the American people

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20
Q

Eisenhower’s
Domino Theory:

A

When one country falls to communism, its neighbor will soon follow, and communism will eventually reach America

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21
Q

When did Hungary fall to communism

A

1947

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22
Q

When did Poland fall to communism

A

1947

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23
Q

When did Czechoslovakia fall to communism

A

1948

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24
Q

When did china fall to communism

A

1949

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25
Q

When did cuba fall to communism

A

1959

26
Q

Communist leader of communist cuba

A

Fidel Castro

27
Q

Communist leader of China

A

Mao Zedong

28
Q

First leader of North Korea

A

Kim ill son

29
Q

First leader of South Korea

A

Sigman lee

30
Q

Capitalist leader of China

A

Chang Kai-Shek

31
Q

“Witch-Hunts”

A

Massive hunt to uncover communists who (it was believed) were attempting to weaken the government from the inside

32
Q

Hollywood 10

A

10 Hollywood actors, directors, and scriptwriters
Sent to jail for not saying they are anti-communist

Launched sensational investigation of the Hollywood Film Industry

33
Q

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

A

Congressional committee formed to investigate cases of Communist subversion

34
Q

Klaus Fuchs

A

German born British spy
Helped created the A-bomb

Found to be soviet spy in 1949

35
Q

The ROSENBERGS

A

A couple who where killed for allegedly being Soviet spies during the 2nd red scare

36
Q

McCarthyism

A

Unfounded accusations against alleged Communists

37
Q

Arms race

A

A “race” between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R to build up thier nuclear arsenal

38
Q

Suburbs

A

Residential area; typically on the fringes (within commuting distance) of major cities

39
Q

William Levitt

A

introduced mass-
produced housing based on navy model

40
Q

The “Beat Generation”

A

Group of writers who were “weary withy all forms of the modern industrial state”

41
Q

The Feminine Mystique

A

Betty Friedan’s book the frustrations and unhappiness of the suburban housewife

42
Q

Betty Friedan

A

Author of “The Feminine Mystique”

43
Q

Civil Defense Administration

A

Educated the public (TV, radio, pamphlets) how to prepare for a nuclear attack

44
Q

Sputnik

A

World’s first artificial satellite launched into space by the Soviets in 1957

45
Q

NASA

A

National Aeronautics and space association

Mean to beat Soviets in the space race

46
Q

Nikita Khrushchev

A

Leader of Soviet Union after Stalin died in 1953

47
Q

Lee Harvey Oswald

A

Is the man blamed for killing JFK

48
Q

Jack Rudy

A

Killed Lee Harvey Oswald

49
Q

Bay of pigs

A

1961: America’s plan to overthrow Castro using 1,500 CIA-trained Cuban refugees

Goes wrong and america loses

50
Q

Cuban Missile Crisis

A

October 1962, American spy plane makes unsettling discovery while flying over Cuba
●Soviets building nuclear missile launch sites
●Sites near completion
●Kennedy ordered a naval blockade of Cuba

51
Q

Berlin Wall

A

Wall of concrete blocks and barbed wire built by East Germany government w/ Soviet support
●Cut off communication & travel between East and West Germany

52
Q

U-2 Incident

A

May 1, 1960 SOviets shot down a U-2 spy plane and captured American Pilot Gary Powers

53
Q

Gary Powers

A

American Pilot captured by the Soviets after the U-2 Incident

54
Q

Proxy War

A

A war fought between two smaller nations back up by bigger nation/s.

Examples could be Korea, Vietnam, etc

55
Q

Hot line

A

A telephone that goes directly from the White House to Moscow

56
Q

John foster Dulles

A

Brinksmanship

57
Q

George Kennan

A

Proposes the concept of Containment

58
Q

Earl Warren

A

Civil rights advocate on the Supreme Court who helped pass the civil rights act

59
Q

Suez Canal

A

Canal in Egypt where the British wanted to control forcing the Eisenhower Doctrine

60
Q

Project mercury

A

U.S. Project to get a man on the moon

HISTORY FINAL FLASHCARDS (3 decks)

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