Cold Environments

Question 1

Describe the climate in the Tundra environment

Answer 1

Warm summers, high rainfall, freezing winter

Question 2

Describe the climate in the Polar environment

Answer 2

Low precipitation and freezing temperatures

Question 3

Describe the soil in the Tundra environment

Answer 3

Frozen and waterlogged

Question 4

Describe the soil in the Polar environment

Answer 4

Permanently frozen

Question 5

What kinds of plants grow in the Tundra environment?

Answer 5

Low-growing flowering plants

Question 6

What kinds of plants grow in the Tundra environment?

Answer 6

Mosses and lichens

Question 7

Why is it so cold in polar regions?

Answer 7

Sun rays must travel further to reach polar regions, their intensity and warming power is reduced

Question 8

Name 3 adaptations polar bears have

Answer 8

Thick fur, large feet, closable nostrils

Question 9

Name 3 adaptations plants have

Answer 9

Grow close to each other, low-growing, large SA

Question 10

What was our cold environments case study on?

Answer 10

Svalbard

Question 11

What percentage of cod in supermarkets comes from the Barents sea?

Answer 11

70 percent

Question 12

How many species of fish can be found in the Barents sea?

Answer 12

150

Question 13

What is the main economic activity in Svalbard?

Answer 13

Coal mining

Question 14

How many people are employed in mines in Svalbard?

Answer 14

Just over 300

Question 15

Name 5 reasons to visit Svalbard

Answer 15

Coal mining industry, scenery, northern lights, winter sports, biodioversity, exploring

Question 16

Why is providing services like water, electricity and sanitation a challenge in Svalbard?

Answer 16

Most services are provided by underground heating as pipes must be kept off ground to prevent thawing and allow for easy maintenance

Question 17

What two things can Svalbard be reached by?

Answer 17

Plane or ship

Question 18

What challenges does Svalbard only being reachable by plane or ship called?

Answer 18

Harder to export goods

Question 19

It is completely dark every year in Svalbard from…

Answer 19

25th October-8th March

Question 20

Name 5 reasons cold environments are important

Answer 20

Biodiversity, naural beauty, tourism, energy, fishing and forestry

Question 21

How is tourism a threat to cold environments?

Answer 21

More resources are needed and litter is left which disturbs animals and damages the environment, more homes must be built

Question 22

When does most off road driving take place?

Answer 22

In the summer months when snow has melted

Question 23

How does off road driving damage cold environments?

Answer 23

Deep tire tracks are left in areas that cause huge damage

Question 24

How does fishing damage biodiversity?

Answer 24

Trawlers wipe out species and damage the seabed?

Question 25

Why can most construction work in Svalbard only be carried out in summer months?

Answer 25

Extreme temperatures

Question 26

What can national governments do to protect cold environments?

Answer 26

Create laws to protect certain regions

Question 27

What is Greenpeace doing to protect cold environments?

Answer 27

Trying to create conservation areas

Question 28

True or false: builders in Svalbard can only make money in summer

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is it now illegal to do?

Answer 29

Fish in the Barents sea

Question 30

What methods have been used to make providing services easier?

Answer 30

Underground heating, stilts have been used to raise pipes above ground and insulate them without the risk of thawing permafrost