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OTC lectures > Cold/ Allergy, Cough, Pain/ Fever > Flashcards

Cold/ Allergy, Cough, Pain/ Fever Flashcards

1
Q

what does QuEST stand for?

A

Quickly Assess patient
Establish Candidacy for self care
Suggest appropriate self-care strategies
Talk with patient

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2
Q

SCHOLAR stands for what?

A

Symptoms
Characteristics
History
Onset
Location
Aggravating factors
Remitting factors

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3
Q

exculsions for self-treatment of COUGH

A

Fever >103 F
cough lasts > 7 days
Conditions worsen as flu resolves
Cough due to underlying conditions (chest pain, chills, night sweats…)
Suspected drug associated cough (Antihypertensive ACEi)

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4
Q

what should you avoid when treating a cough?

A

suppressing a productive cough

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5
Q

Antitussive

A

interrupts cough impulse transmission

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6
Q

what is Delsym

A

brand name for Dextromethorphan

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7
Q

what cough suppressor stops cough impulse transmission?

A

Dextromethorphan

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8
Q

what kinds of medication does Dextromethorphan interact with?

A

serotonin modulating medication (antidepressents, MOA inhibitors)

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9
Q

what is the dosage for Dextromethorphan?

A

30 mg/ 5 mL
every 12 hours
>12 years: 2 tsp po every 12 hours, MAX 4 tsp po daily
6- 12 years: 1 tsp po every 12 hours, MAX 2 tsp po daily

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10
Q

name the adverse effects of Dextromethorphan

A

Sedation
Nausea
Upset Stomach
Constipation

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11
Q

what cough suppressor stimulates respiratory tract secretions?

A

Guaifenesin

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12
Q

what is a drug that stimulates respiratory tract secretions, therefore increasing respiratory fluid volume which in turn leads to decreased viscosity in the lungs?

A

Expectorant

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13
Q

what are two brands of Guaifenesin?

A

Robitussin and Mucinex

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14
Q

what is the dosage for Mucinex?

A

1-2 tablest every 12 hrs
MAX 4 tablets in 24 hrs

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15
Q

what is the dosage for Robitussin?

A

> 12 yrs: 2-4 tsp every 4 hrs MAX 2400 mg/day
6-12 yrs: 1-2 tsp every 4 hrs MAX 1200 mg/day

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16
Q

name some adverse effects of Guaifenesin

A

Dizziness, Headache, Nausea/Vomiting, Drowsiness

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17
Q

The drug combination of Dextromethorphan and Guaifenesin

A

Robitussin DM and Mucinex DM

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18
Q

name the exclusions for self-treatment of the common cold

A

Fever> 101.5 F
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Suspected drug-associated cough
Frail Patient/ Advanced age patient
Infants < 9 months
AIDs or on immunosuppressive therapy

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19
Q

name the exclusions for self-treatment of Allergies

A

symptoms of :
uncontrolled asthma
COPD
respiratory disorders

children <12 yrs w signs of infection
pregnant or lactating women

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20
Q

which antihistamines block histamine 1 receptors at both CENTRAL and PERIPHERAL sites?

A

First-generation Antihistamines

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21
Q

what are the patient considerations for First-generation Anithistamine?

A

patients with uncontrolled asthma/ COPD
Glaucoma
Prostate or bladder issues
Elderly at risk for falls

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22
Q

what are some First-generation Antihistamines?

A

Diphenhydramine
Brompheniramin
Chlorpheniramine

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23
Q

whats the brand name for Diphenhydramine?

A

Benadryl

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24
Q

What is the brand name for Brompheniramine?

A

Lodrane

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25
Q

What is the brand name for Chlorpheniramine

A

Chlor-Trimenton

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26
Q

what are the Adverse effects of First Generation Antihistamines

A

Sedation
dizziness
dry mouth/ eyes
constipation

27
Q

which are stronger 1st or 2nd generation antihistamines?

A

1st are typically stronger and more effective

28
Q

which type of Antihistamines block H1 receptors PERIPHERALLY only?

A

Second-generation Antihistamines

29
Q

what are the adverse effects of 2nd generation antihistamines

A

drowsiness/ excitability
Dry mouth/eyes
minimal sedation

30
Q

name three Second-generation Antihistamines

A

Loratadine
Cetrizine
Fexofenadine

31
Q

what is the brand name for Loratadine?

A

Claritin

32
Q

what is the brand name for Cetrizine?

A

Zytrec

33
Q

what is the brand name for Fexofenadine?

A

Allegra

34
Q

when is peak action for Loratadine (Claritin)?

A

8-12 hrs

35
Q

how long does Claritin last?

A

> 24 hrs

36
Q

when is the peak action of Cetrizine (Zytrec)?

A

1 hour

37
Q

how long does Zytrec last?

A

> 24 hrs

38
Q

When is peak action for Fexofenadine (Allegra)?

A

2-3 hrs

39
Q

how long does Allegra last?

A

24 hrs

40
Q

what type of medication is signified by a PE on the package?

A

Phenylephrine

41
Q

what kind of medication is Phenylephrine

A

Decongestant

42
Q

what is the brand name for Pseudoephedrine

A

Sudafed

43
Q

what is signified by D on a package?

A

Sudafed

44
Q

TRUE/FALSE Pseudoephedrine is a Behind-the-counter medication because of abuse

A

true

45
Q

what is the limit dosage for Pseudoephedrine?

A

3.6 grams per day and 9 grams per 30 days

46
Q

what are some Contraindications/Warnings for oral decongestants

A

they can worsen uncontrolled high blood pressure or heart issues: increase in Blood Pressure

47
Q

name two agents of Topical Decongestants

A

Oxymetazoline Naphazoline

48
Q

how long can nasal decongestant be used?

A

only 3 days

49
Q

what is the dosing for Oxymetazoline

A

> 6 years 2-3 sprays in each nostril twice a day for <3 days

50
Q

what is the dosage for Naphazoline?

A

> 12 yrs: 1-2 drops/ sprays every 6 hrs for <3 days

51
Q

what are the exclusions for self-treatment for Pain?

A

Severe pain
pain lasting > 10 days
Worsening or change in pain
signs of infection
signs of nerve involvement

52
Q

name the exclusions for self treatment for Fever

A

Sever symptoms of infection
Cardiovascular or pulmonary disease
Child with severe symptoms related to dehydration
Child developing spots or rashes

53
Q

what is a non-opiod analgesic (pain med) commonly used?

A

Acetaminophen

54
Q

what is the brand name for Acetaminophen?

A

Tylenol

55
Q

does Acetaminophen have any anti-inflammatory properties?

A

no

56
Q

what is the dosage for acetaminophen?

A

MAX 3-4 grams/day

57
Q

what should you be careful of when giving acetaminophen to patients?

A

watch combination of products that also contain acetaminophen.

58
Q

what does NSAIDs stand for?

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Medications

59
Q

what are two NSAIDs given as analgesics?

A

Ibuprofen and Naproxen Sodium

60
Q

what is the brand name for Ibuprofen?

A

Motrin/ Advil

61
Q

what is the brand name for Naproxen Sodium

A

Aleve

62
Q

what caution is present when giving NSAIDs?

A

may upset stomach, do not combine with anticoagulants like Warfarin

63
Q

what is one caution when taking Aspirin?

A

not recommended for patients younger than 12 years, because of risk of Reye’s Syndrome

OTC lectures (1 decks)

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