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OTC lectures > Cold/ Allergy, Cough, Pain/ Fever > Flashcards

Cold/ Allergy, Cough, Pain/ Fever Flashcards

1
Q

what does QuEST stand for?

A

Quickly Assess patient
Establish Candidacy for self care
Suggest appropriate self-care strategies
Talk with patient

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2
Q

SCHOLAR stands for what?

A

Symptoms
Characteristics
History
Onset
Location
Aggravating factors
Remitting factors

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3
Q

exculsions for self-treatment of COUGH

A

Fever >103 F
cough lasts > 7 days
Conditions worsen as flu resolves
Cough due to underlying conditions (chest pain, chills, night sweats…)
Suspected drug associated cough (Antihypertensive ACEi)

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4
Q

what should you avoid when treating a cough?

A

suppressing a productive cough

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5
Q

Antitussive

A

interrupts cough impulse transmission

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6
Q

what is Delsym

A

brand name for Dextromethorphan

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7
Q

what cough suppressor stops cough impulse transmission?

A

Dextromethorphan

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8
Q

what kinds of medication does Dextromethorphan interact with?

A

serotonin modulating medication (antidepressents, MOA inhibitors)

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9
Q

what is the dosage for Dextromethorphan?

A

30 mg/ 5 mL
every 12 hours
>12 years: 2 tsp po every 12 hours, MAX 4 tsp po daily
6- 12 years: 1 tsp po every 12 hours, MAX 2 tsp po daily

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10
Q

name the adverse effects of Dextromethorphan

A

Sedation
Nausea
Upset Stomach
Constipation

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11
Q

what cough suppressor stimulates respiratory tract secretions?

A

Guaifenesin

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12
Q

what is a drug that stimulates respiratory tract secretions, therefore increasing respiratory fluid volume which in turn leads to decreased viscosity in the lungs?

A

Expectorant

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13
Q

what are two brands of Guaifenesin?

A

Robitussin and Mucinex

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14
Q

what is the dosage for Mucinex?

A

1-2 tablest every 12 hrs
MAX 4 tablets in 24 hrs

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15
Q

what is the dosage for Robitussin?

A

> 12 yrs: 2-4 tsp every 4 hrs MAX 2400 mg/day
6-12 yrs: 1-2 tsp every 4 hrs MAX 1200 mg/day

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16
Q

name some adverse effects of Guaifenesin

A

Dizziness, Headache, Nausea/Vomiting, Drowsiness

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17
Q

The drug combination of Dextromethorphan and Guaifenesin

A

Robitussin DM and Mucinex DM

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18
Q

name the exclusions for self-treatment of the common cold

A

Fever> 101.5 F
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Suspected drug-associated cough
Frail Patient/ Advanced age patient
Infants < 9 months
AIDs or on immunosuppressive therapy

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19
Q

name the exclusions for self-treatment of Allergies

A

symptoms of :
uncontrolled asthma
COPD
respiratory disorders

children <12 yrs w signs of infection
pregnant or lactating women

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20
Q

which antihistamines block histamine 1 receptors at both CENTRAL and PERIPHERAL sites?

A

First-generation Antihistamines

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21
Q

what are the patient considerations for First-generation Anithistamine?

A

patients with uncontrolled asthma/ COPD
Glaucoma
Prostate or bladder issues
Elderly at risk for falls

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22
Q

what are some First-generation Antihistamines?

A

Diphenhydramine
Brompheniramin
Chlorpheniramine

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23
Q

whats the brand name for Diphenhydramine?

A

Benadryl

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24
Q

What is the brand name for Brompheniramine?

A

Lodrane

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25
What is the brand name for Chlorpheniramine
Chlor-Trimenton
26
what are the Adverse effects of First Generation Antihistamines
Sedation dizziness dry mouth/ eyes constipation
27
which are stronger 1st or 2nd generation antihistamines?
1st are typically stronger and more effective
28
which type of Antihistamines block H1 receptors PERIPHERALLY only?
Second-generation Antihistamines
29
what are the adverse effects of 2nd generation antihistamines
drowsiness/ excitability Dry mouth/eyes minimal sedation
30
name three Second-generation Antihistamines
Loratadine Cetrizine Fexofenadine
31
what is the brand name for Loratadine?
Claritin
32
what is the brand name for Cetrizine?
Zytrec
33
what is the brand name for Fexofenadine?
Allegra
34
when is peak action for Loratadine (Claritin)?
8-12 hrs
35
how long does Claritin last?
>24 hrs
36
when is the peak action of Cetrizine (Zytrec)?
1 hour
37
how long does Zytrec last?
>24 hrs
38
When is peak action for Fexofenadine (Allegra)?
2-3 hrs
39
how long does Allegra last?
24 hrs
40
what type of medication is signified by a PE on the package?
Phenylephrine
41
what kind of medication is Phenylephrine
Decongestant
42
what is the brand name for Pseudoephedrine
Sudafed
43
what is signified by D on a package?
Sudafed
44
TRUE/FALSE Pseudoephedrine is a Behind-the-counter medication because of abuse
true
45
what is the limit dosage for Pseudoephedrine?
3.6 grams per day and 9 grams per 30 days
46
what are some Contraindications/Warnings for oral decongestants
they can worsen uncontrolled high blood pressure or heart issues: increase in Blood Pressure
47
name two agents of Topical Decongestants
Oxymetazoline Naphazoline
48
how long can nasal decongestant be used?
only 3 days
49
what is the dosing for Oxymetazoline
>6 years 2-3 sprays in each nostril twice a day for <3 days
50
what is the dosage for Naphazoline?
>12 yrs: 1-2 drops/ sprays every 6 hrs for <3 days
51
what are the exclusions for self-treatment for Pain?
Severe pain pain lasting > 10 days Worsening or change in pain signs of infection signs of nerve involvement
52
name the exclusions for self treatment for Fever
Sever symptoms of infection Cardiovascular or pulmonary disease Child with severe symptoms related to dehydration Child developing spots or rashes
53
what is a non-opiod analgesic (pain med) commonly used?
Acetaminophen
54
what is the brand name for Acetaminophen?
Tylenol
55
does Acetaminophen have any anti-inflammatory properties?
no
56
what is the dosage for acetaminophen?
MAX 3-4 grams/day
57
what should you be careful of when giving acetaminophen to patients?
watch combination of products that also contain acetaminophen.
58
what does NSAIDs stand for?
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Medications
59
what are two NSAIDs given as analgesics?
Ibuprofen and Naproxen Sodium
60
what is the brand name for Ibuprofen?
Motrin/ Advil
61
what is the brand name for Naproxen Sodium
Aleve
62
what caution is present when giving NSAIDs?
may upset stomach, do not combine with anticoagulants like Warfarin
63
what is one caution when taking Aspirin?
not recommended for patients younger than 12 years, because of risk of Reye's Syndrome

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