Cognitive Science: Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is Philosophy?
Broadly, the study for wisdom and knowledge.
What are the two branches of philosophy and define them.
Metaphysics: Examines the nature of reality.
Epistemology: The study of knowledge.
What is monism?
Monism is a belief in which there is only one kind of state or substance in the universe, or there is only one kind of ultimate substance.
What is dualism?
Dualism is where one believes that both the mental and physical form substances are possible
Philosophical behaviorism:
How mental states react (behave) through tendencies under certain circumstances.
What is idealism?
Idealism is the unrealistic practice to reach one’s ideals (fantasy), or can be known as an illusion of reality.
Physicalism/Materialism:
The metaphysical thesis that states everything is made of atoms, or in other words, everything is physical. Nothing more or less.
Eliminativism:
Folk psychology:
Multiple realization:
Classical dualism:
Substance Dualism:
Property Dualism:
Physical Kinds
Functional kinds
Functionalism
Qualia
Nature-nurture debate
Nature
Nurture
Nativism
Rationalism
Empiricism
Knowledge that is acquired through experience and observation
Simple and Complex Ideas
Reflexes
Consciousness
Awareness or perception of something by a person (no real definition according to textbook)
Phenomenal concept of mind
Idea of mind as a conscious experience
Psychological concept of mind
Sees mental states only in terms of how they cause and explain behavior
Easy problem of consciousness
Hard problem of consciousness
Explanatory gap
Reductionism
A belief that everything can be explained by understanding its smaller parts (like addition)
Emergence
Emergent property
Central processing unit (CPU)
Homunculus
Neural correlates of consciousness (NCCCs)
Binocular rivalry
Strong AI and Weak AI
Chinese Room Scenario
