Cognitive-Loftus & Palmer Flashcards
Experiment 1 IV and DV?
IV- wording of the critical question in the questionnaire
DV- estimated speed of the vehicles given by the participants
Experiment 2 IV and DV?
IV- wording of the question e.g. Smashed or hit
DV- answer to the critical question ‘did you see any broken glass’
Experiment 1 sample?
45 students divided into 5 groups, 9’ in each.
Experiment 1 procedure?
All shown the same 7 video clips lasting 30 seconds of different car accidents, originally from a driver safety film, after each clip participants were given a questionnaire about the accident. One group was asked the critical question ‘about how fast were the cars going when they hit into each other?’ Other groups had the same question but the verb was changed to either ‘smashed, collided, contacted, bumped rather than hit’.
Experiment 2 sample?
150 students split into 3 groups of 50.
Experiment 2 procedure?
All ps were shown as 1 min film clip which contained 4 second multiple car crashes, they were given a questionnaire and asked to describe the accident and answer a set of questions about the incident. One group was asked the critical question on speed, ‘about how fast were the cars going when they smashed into one another?’ One group was asked ‘about how fast were the cars going when they hit one another?’ And the third group had no question on vehicle speed.
Experiment 1 findings?
Speed estimates- Smashed: mean estimate of 40.8mph Hit: 34 mph Contacted: 31.8mph Smashed was the fastest and contacted was the slowest. 20mph crash was estimated at 37.7mph and crash at 30mph was estimated 36.2mph.
Experiment 2 findings?
Smashed produced highest estimates at 10.46mph and hit at 8mph. Response to ‘did you see broken glass?’
Smashed: Y16 N34
Hit: Y7 N43
Control: Y6 N44
Conclusion?
People are not good at judging the speed of a vehicle and the verb used in the critical question inflicted a participants response.
research method for both experiments?
Laboratory experiment using independent measures.
