Cognitive & Linguistic Development: Children, & Adolescents (part 1)

Question 1

Sensori-Motor

Answer 1

-Development of thought processes
using sensory information and actions
-Object permanence develops
-Some symbolic thought seen at about 18 to 24 months
-'Out of Sight out of Mind' 
-Some language

Question 2

Pre-Operational

Answer 2

-Egocentrism (inability to de-centre)
-Problems with classification
-Animism( human attributes to inanimate
objects)
-Inability to follow concept of conservation
-language developed

Question 3

Concrete-Operational

Answer 3

-Attains most conservation
operations (height, weight ect.)
-Attains logical operation of seriation
-Unable to deal with most 
abstract concepts
-can decenter
-reversibility grasped 
- transformation grasped

Question 4

Formal Operational

Answer 4

• adult reasoning
• abstract thought
• concrete operation:mental actions on concrete objects
• formal operations:mental actions on mental objects

Question 5

Centration

Answer 5

focusing all attention on 1 characteristic and disregard all others

Question 6

Egocentrism

• def
• Test Tasks?

Answer 6

• poor at seeing others perspectives

* Mountain Task: w/ Ego’ consistently + incorrectly chose their OWN perspective

Question 7

Transitivity

Answer 7

• recognize relationships among various things in serial order

Question 8

Abstract Thought

• def
• task

Answer 8

• “what if “
• divergent thinking emerges
• third eye problem (1988)
• -> concrete op (“that is stupid”)
• -> formal op ( “useful for __”)

Question 9

Pendulum Test

- concrete vs formal

Answer 9

• little or no planning
  -trial& error
  -no systematic testing
  vs.
  -hypothetical-deductive reasoning

Question 10

Vertical VS Horizontal Decalage

Answer 10

• function learnt can be used for multiple staged of development
  vs
• funciton or operation learnt cannot immediately apply to all stages/problems

Question 11

Decontextualize

Answer 11

• present in 16-17 years

- analyze and accept new evidence dif from childhood belief