Cognitive Interview Flashcards

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1
Q

Aims of the cognitive interview

A
  • Improve the effectiveness of interviewers when questioning witnesses
  • Apply the results of psychological research which showed that memory is not like a video camera, but an active process
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2
Q

What are the 4 main techniques used in the cognitive interview

A
  • Report everything: Witnesses might not realise that some details are important and details might help them recall significant information
  • Reinstate the context: Recalling how you felt and the context enhance recall (these details act as cues to recall)
  • Recall from changed perspective: Encourage many retrieval paths
  • Recall in reverse orders: When events are recalled in forwards order, witnesses tend to base their structure based on their schemas. If the order is changed, they are more accurate
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3
Q

Research support- Geiselman et al (1988)

A
  • Trainee police officers were shown a police training video of crimes. Two days later, they were interviewed by an experienced investigator, either by the standard method or cognitive interview
  • Significantly more information was retrieved with the cognitive interview, without as much mistakes compared to the regular method
  • This suggests the cognitive interview is a better type of interview to use as it yields more information as well as the recall being more accurate
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4
Q

Research support- fisher et al (1989)

A
  • The researchers trained Florida police in the use of the cognitive interview, and compared their interview performance before and after training
  • After training, the detective gained as much as 47% more useful information
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5
Q

Research against- khonken et al (1999)

A
  • He carried out a meta-analysis of 53 studies
  • While they found an increase of 81% of correct information, they also found there to be a 61% increase of incorrect information when compared to a standard interview
  • The techniques of CI aim to increase the amount of correct information recalled, but the recall of incorrect information may also be increased
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6
Q

Evaluation of CI

A
  • Time consuming
  • Specialist training required
  • Inaccurate information can also be gathered
  • Not all techniques are suitable for children e.g changed perspective
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