cognitive behavior therapy Flashcards
1
Q
list
shared characteristics between CBT and REBT
A
- collaborative relationhip client and therapist
- premise that psychological distress maintained by cognitive processes
- focus on changing conditions to produce desired changes in affect and behavior
- present centered time limited focus
- active and directive stance by therapist
- educational treatment focusing on specific and structured target problems
2
Q
answer:
what is the basic hypothesis of REBT
A
- our emotions are mainly created by our beliefs, which influence the evaluations and interpretations we make anf fuel the reactions we have to life situations
3
Q
answer:
what are clients taught in REBT
A
- skills/tools to identify and dispute irrational that have been acquired and self-constructed.
- replace detrimental ways of thinking with effective and rational cognition
- changing emotional expeirience and their reactions to situations
4
Q
answer
Therapist is the – while the client is the –
A
teacher; learner
5
Q
True or false
Homework is an important aspect of REBT
A
true
6
Q
answer
how do we learn irrational beliefs?
REBT
A
in childhood and recreating those beliefs through lifetime.
7
Q
Answer
How do people reinforce self-defeating beliefs?
REBT
A
through autosuggestion and self reptition in ways that are consistent with those beliefs
8
Q
define
autosuggestion
A
process of making self-statements, usually silent, that clients accept and believe, in order to evoke relaxation responses
9
Q
list
3 musts that lead to self defeat
A
- i must do well and be loved and approved by others
- other people must treat me fairly, kindly, and well
- the world and living condiotns must be comfortable, gratifying and just providing me with all i want in life
10
Q
Answer
what is the point of the ABC framework of REBT
A
understand clients feelings, thoughts, events and behavior
11
Q
Define
A (as in ABC method of REBT)
A
activating event exists
12
Q
Define
B- (ABC method REBT)
A
beliefs the individual holds about the activating event
13
Q
define
c (ABC method REBT)
A
consequence/ emotional/behavioral reactions
14
Q
answer
does A cause C in the ABC method
A
no, the persons Beliefs about A largely causes C
15
Q
Define
D (in the ABCDE method of REBT)
A
disputing process; discriminate irrational beliefs from rational beliefs
16
Q
define
E (in the ABCDE method)
A
encouraged to develp effective philosophy
17
Q
Answer:
what is the heart of REBT
A
- humans are largely responsible for creating their own emotional reactions and disturbances
- show people how they can change their irrational beliefs
18
Q
list
theraputic goals of REBT
A
- clients minimize emotional disturbances and self defeating behaviors by acquiring more realistic, workable and compassionate philosophy of life
- collab btwn therapist/client to choose realistic and life enhancing goals
- change dysfunctional emotions and behaviors into healthy ones
- client achieve unconditional self-acceptance, unconditonal other acceptance, and unconditional life acceptance
- more accepting of themeselves, more able to accept others and accept life
19
Q
list
Therapist function (REBT)
A
- show clients how they incorporated irrational “should”, “oughts” “musts” into thinkign
- dispute clients irrational beliefs and encourage client to engage in activities that will counter self-defeating beliefs ; replace musts with preferences
- demonstrate how clients are keeping emotional disturbances active by disordered thinking
- encourages clients to identify irrational beliefs they have accepted
- encourage clients to develop rational philosophy of life
20
Q
list:
client experience (REBT)
A
- emphasizes here and now experiences and present ability to change the patterns of thinking and emoting
- don’t delve into the past much
- clients do homewoek to become proficient in minimizing irrational thinking
21
Q
list:
Relationship between therapist and clietn (REBT)
A
- warm relationship reccommended
- therapist teaches client how to dispute their dysfunctional beliefs
- therapist accept clients as imperfect beings
- relies on thinking, disputing, debating , challenging and interpreting
22
Q
list:
emotive techniques
A
- rational emotive imagery
- humor
- role playing
- shame-attacking excercises
- behavioral techniques
23
Q
define:
rational emotive imagery
A
- clients imagine one of the worst things that could happen to them; they describe their disturbing feelings
- show how to train themselves to develop healthy emotions, and as their feeligns about challenges change they will have better chance at perservering
24
Q
define
shame-attacking excercises
A
aimed increasing self-acceptance and mature responsibility and realize things they consider shameful is how they define reality
25
# list
behavioral techniques in REBT
* operant conditoning
* self-management principles
* systematic desensitization
* relaxation techniques
* modeling
26
# define
negative cognitive triad
* criticism
* pessimism
* hoplessness
27
# list
three theoretical assumptions of cognitive therapy
* people thought processes are accessible to introspection
* peoples beliefs have highly personal meanings
* people can discover these meaning themselves rather than being taught or having them interpreted by therapist
28
# list
some principles Aaron becks cognitive therapy is based on
* psychological disorder begins with normal emotions and behaviors that become disproportionate to life events in degree or frequency
* when we think in distorted waya, we wxperience distorted emotional and behavioral reactions
29
# list
common cognitive distortions Beck identified
* arbitrary influences; conclusions drawn w/o supporting evidence
* selective abstraction; forming conclusions based on isolated detail of event
* overgeneralization
* magnification and minimization
* personalization; relating external events to themselves
* labeling and mislabeling; portraying one's identity on basis of mistakes and imperfections
* dichotomous thinking
30
# list
basic priniples CT
* percieves psychologicl problems as exaggeration of adaptive responses resulting from commonplace cog. distortions
* insight focused therapy that emphasize recognizing and changing unrealistic thoughts and maladaptive beliefs
* involves designing specifc learning experiences to help cients understand links between thought, behaviors and emotions, physical responses and situations
31
# answer:
what is the goal of CT
help learn practical skills they can use to make changes in their thoughts, behaviors and emotions and how to sustain these changes
32
# list
differences between CT and REBT
* REBT is highly directive, persuasive, confrontational; therapist is teacher.
* CT uses socratic dialogue, posing open ended questions; aim of getting clients to reflect on personal issues and arrive at own conclusion. more emphasis on helping clients identify misconceptions for themselves rather than being taught.
* ellis works to pursuade clients that certain of their beliefs are irrational and nonfunctional
* Beck views clients beliefs as distorted beliefs as being result of cognitive errors rather than being driven solely by irrational belefs
33
# define
relationship between client and therapist in CT
* combine empathy and sensitivity w technical competence
* identify specific, measurable goals more directly into the areas that are causeing most difficulty
* continuously active and deliberately interactive with clients, helping clients frame their conclusions in form of testable hypothesis
34
# list
ways to apply cognitive techniques
* behavioral techniques such as activity scheduling, bx experiements, skills training, role playing, bx rehersal and exposure therapy
35
# list
treatment approaches
| ct broadly
* thought records - help clients identify negative automatic thoughts and test them
* helped to create action plan
* emphasizes schema which is defines as core beliefs
36
# define:
Strength based cognitive behavioral therapy
* variant of Beck's CT
* developed by Christine Padesky and Kathleen Mooney.
* active incorporation of clients strengths encourages clients to engage more fully in therapy and often provides avenues for change that otherwise would be missed
37
# list
basic principles of CT
* therapists should be knowlwdgeable about evidence based approaches pertaining to client issues discussed in therapy
* clients asked to make observations and describe the details of their life experiences
* collaborate in testing beliefs and experiment w new bx to see if they achieve desired goals
* show how positive interests/strengths identified in early therapy sessions can provide infor to help therapist
* help clients develop and construct new positive ways of interacting in the world
38
# list
relationship of client therapist CT
* therapist collaborative active, here and now focused and client centered
* encouraging allies of their clients and need to be genuine, caring and willing to engage w/ clients as full humans with struggles and successes
* don't take expert stance, serve as curious assistants or guides to their clients own discovery
* socratic questioning
39
# list
characteristics of Donald Meichenbaum's cognitive Behavior modification
* focuses on client's self talk
* if they want to change bx must notice how they think feel and behave and the impact it has on others
* may be more effective to change bx rather than thinking
* practice self-instructions and the desireable bx in a ole play situation
* bx changes through sequence of mediating process involving interaction of inner speech, cognitive structures, and bx and the outcomes
40
# list
3 phases of Meichenbaums CT
* self observation
* start new internal dialogue
* learning new skills
41
# explain
stress inoculation training
* coping skills program- psychological and behavioral analog to immunization
* affect ability to cope w stress by modifying beliefs and self statements about our performance in stressful situations
* combo of info giving, socratic discovery oriented inquiry, cognitive restructuring, problem solving, relaxtion training, bx rehersal, self-monitoring, self instruction, self reinforcement and modifying environmental situations
* expose clients to anxiety provoking situations by means of role playing
* clients evaluate anxirty levels
* teach clients to be aware of the anxiety provoking cognitions they experience
* reevaluate selfstatements
42
# list
3 phases of stress innoculation training
* conceptual educational phase
* skills acqusition and consolidation
* application and follow through
43
# explain:
cognitive narrative approach
* focus on plots, characters and themes in stories abt clients life
* therapists teach clients to see their multiple narratives
* clients develop own voice, proud of accomplishments, take ownership of changes
44
# list
limitation to Ellis REBT
* question assumption that past exploring is ineffective
* therapist's idea of what is irattional imposed
* confrontation might not work for cients
45
# list
limitations to Becks CT
* focus too much on positive thinking
* fails to explore underlying causes of difficulties
