cognitive approach Flashcards
main assumptions in cognitive approahc
info is processed thru the same route in all human: input, process, output, in a simmlar way to how info is processed in a computer
ppl hve individual diff in their cogntive processing, such as attention, language, thinking and memory. these process can also help to explain behaviour and emotion
describe the psychology being investigatd in andrade
attnetion - conc of mental effect on sensory or mentiol event
memory
conc and doodling
2 aims in andrare
to investigate whether doodling impoves our ability to pay attention audiotory info
to investigate whether doodling affects later recall of auditory info
describe the two rm that was used in andrade
independant meausres as te researches comaeed the performance of 2 seperate grps
random allocation was used to control for partciapant variable
wt IV and DV of andrade
IV - whtether the partciapnts were allowed to doodle while they listened to the phone or not
DV - monitoring ccuracy, memory for monitered info, memmory for incidential info
describe sample in andrade
40 particpants, 18-55 yrs, from the MRI applied psychology unut.
volunteer sampling
17 femaoes, 3 males = cexpericmental
18 females and 2 males = control
describe the audio recording in andrade
2.5 mins long.
mention 8 ppl cming, 3 ppl not cing, 8 places
descrube the results in andrade with statictics
names recaled in doodle = 15/20
non doodles = 9/20
monitoring performance
doodles = 7.7
non = 6.9
recall performance
doodles = 7.5
non = 5.8
describe the conclusion in andrade
doodling can improve conc when listening, it helps to remeber info even when unexptected
describe the original test in baron cohen conducted in 1997
it had onl two optins to choose
more famel than male faces
too basic emotion
wt is celing effects baron
when eeveryone gets a high score because thr task is too easy
describe the psychology being investigated in baron
theory of mind - the abilty to determine the mental state of another person or oursevles. its when a person can put onesel in the position of someone else.
social sensitivity - how effectively a person can didentify, understand and respect the feelung and views or another person during social itneractions
3 aims in baron
to test adults with HFA/AS on the revised eyes test to see if the deficits on the original test were still seen.
to see if there is a negative correlation between AQ and eyes test scores
to see if emales score higher on the eyes testt than males
describe the sample in baren
volunteer sampling and opputerinty sampling
group 1 - adults with AS or HFA mean age is 29.7 with IQ of 115. they were volutneers from the advertisements in the UK national autistic society magazine
group 2 - general population control gorup, 122 adults, from education clzs and public library in cambride, broad mix of occupations. mean age of 46.5yrs. did nont take part in AQ test
group 3 - 103 undergraduate studens from cambridge university. 53 males and 50 females with high iQ. mean age 20.8. control group
group 4 - 14 randomly selected adults whos IQ was matches with those in group 1. mean IQ was 116, mean age was 28yrs. it was matches paurs design group
in grourp 3 in baron why didnt group 3 go thru the IQ test
becuase of the strcit entrance requiremtns of the univeristy
name 4 probs in the original test and the solutions in the new test
in the old test there were only two possible responses, the new test increased the no of items on the test and increased the no of response options for each question
in the old test it was uncleae whether some ppl cuz understand all the words, in the new test a glossary was included
in the old test there were more females than male faces that may have caused bias, in the new test an equal no of male and female faces was used
the target word and the foil were always complete oppsites (ex - sad vs happy), in the new test the three foils were similar to the target word to increase difficulty
describe the eyes test development
two authors created trhe target words and foils for each item, they were then presented to grps of eight judges four male and 4 female who had to pick the target word to match the pair of eyes
describe the rm in baron
quasi experiment , closed questionearw, correlations
define quasi experiemental design
research method where the IV isnt manipulated by the reseracher but occurs naturally. particpants r assigned to conditions based on these pre existing diff making it similar to an experiment but without full control over varibles
5 IV in baron
adults with AS/HFA (GRP 1)
neutroylcal adults from general populations (grp 2)
undergraduate student (grp 3)
IQ matches controls (grp 4)
gender
2 DV in baron
scores in the revised eye test and AQ test
RET score reperensted the no of correct
mental state identification out of 36
describe AQ test
a self report questionare designed to meausre the degree to which an indivual posses autistic traits
it has 50 statements that particpants rate on a binary scale
5 results in baron
grp 1 performed wose on the eyes test than the other grps
females scores higer than males in eyes test
grp 1 scored worse than grp 3 and 4 on AQ
males scored higher on the AQ than females
there was no corrlation between eyes test score and IQ
4 conclusions in baron
the revised eyes test replictaed the finding of the original eeys test
normale females r able to judge emoitnos better than normal males
males r more likely to develop autistic tendenies than females
AQ test and eyes terst r inversely correlaved
wt r the three cognitive process inovled in memory
encoding, storage and retrival
