Cognitive Approach Flashcards
What are the main assumptions of cognitive neuroscience?
-We can compare the human minds to computers,
-internal mental processes shape behaviour and can be studied scientifically
-as processes can’t be observed we can make inferences
What is Schema?
Schema is packages of information developed through experiences, it is framework for when interpreting new incoming information.
Schemas when we are babies?
Babies are born with simple motor schemas and innate behaviours such as breathing , crying, blinking etc.
What happens to our schema as we become older?
As we become older our schemas become more advanced and sophisticated, we can process information more quickly which stops us from becoming overwhelmed by environmental stimuli.
What is negative about Schema?
Schema can distort information and lead to certain biases and stereotypes about certain things and people. This can lead to homophobia, racism, sexism etc.
An example of a theoretical model?
(Theoretical models are abstract)
The Processing Approach suggests information flows through a cognitive system in a sequence of stages.
What is the Emergence of Cognitive Neuroscience?
-Cog neuroscience is the scientific study of the influence of brain structure on mental processes.
-In the last 20 years modern technology such as fMRI scans and PET scans have allowed psychs to study the neurological basis of mental processing.
An example of brain structure and mental illness.
-Neurological basis for some mental disorders found (those diagnosed with schizophrenia have been seen to have a reduced volume in certain parts of the brain, including grey matter overall)
What is 1 strength of the cognitive approach?
(P) use of scientific and objective methods.
(E) use of standardised environments such as a lab produces reliable data which allows psychologists to infer cognitive processes.
(E) cog neuroscientists use of modern technology such as fMRI and PET scans have gave the cognitive approach scientific credibility.
(L)approach has provided us with a further understanding of behaviour and how it is influenced by mental processes.
What is a 2nd strength of the cognitive approach?
(P) the cognitive approach has real life applications.
(E) the cognitive approach has been applied to a wide range of contexts.
(E) for example it has contributed to developing the cognitive police interview and has been used in the treatment of depression through cognitive behavioural therapy.
(L) the application of the cognitive approach in real world situations helps to benefit individuals within society.
What is 1 criticism of the cognitive approach?
(P) the cognitive approach has a machine reductionism perspective.
(E) the computer analogy has been criticised for ignoring the influence of emotion and motivation on the cognitive system and how we process information
(E) for example Johnson And Scott found anxiety and trauma effected eye witness testimonies.
(L) The approach ignores the influence of human experience on behaviour.
