Cognitive approach

Question 1

Concept 1: short term memory
Duration?
Capacity?
Encoding?

Answer 1

D- very brief, 30 seconds
C-very high,7± 2 items
E- sense dependant, acoustic

Question 2

Concept 2 : long term memory
Duration?
Capacity?
Encoding?

Answer 2

D- lifetime
C- unlimited
E- semantic

Question 3

Concept 2: free recall

Answer 3

Recall with no help

Question 4

Concept 2:Cued recall

Answer 4

With help from a cue

Question 5

Concept 2: recognition

Answer 5

Remembering something when we have encountered it before.

Question 6

Concept 2: cues

Answer 6

Triggered to assist memory

Question 7

Concept 3: role of schema

Answer 7

Mental package of knowledge

Question 8

Concept 3: shortening

Answer 8

Parts of memory cut to fit schema

Question 9

Concept 3: rationalisation

Answer 9

Details distorted to fit schema

Question 10

Concept 3: confabulation

Answer 10

Details made up to fill gaps

Question 11

Concept 4: cognitive primming

Answer 11

Experience of one stimulus affecting responses to later stimuli.

Question 12

Concept 3: reconstructive memory

Answer 12

Memories reconstructed from fragments into meaningful whole.

Question 13

Concept 4: repetition

Answer 13

Later stimulus identical to prime

Question 14

Concept 4: semantic

Answer 14

Later stimulus in meaning to prime

Question 15

Concept 4: Associative

Answer 15

Later stimulus associated with prime but not in meaning.

Question 16

Concept 5: memory scripts

Answer 16

Knowledge of how social situations play out

Question 17

Concept 5: person perception

Answer 17

How we categorise individuals into types, gaps in knowledge of someone filled in from memory, even if wrong. ( stereotypes, biases)

Question 18

Concept 6: cognitive biases

Answer 18

Errors in information processing undermine decision - making but speed it up.

Question 19

Concept 6: fundamental attribution error

Answer 19

Explaining other peoples behaviour due to personality not situation

Question 20

Concept 6: conformation bias

Answer 20

We notice, store, recall information that confirms existing beliefs.

Question 21

Concept 6: hostile attribution error

Answer 21

Neutral behaviour seen as threatening, aggressive response.