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6P > Cognition/intellect > Flashcards

Cognition/intellect Flashcards

1
Q

Visuospatial function

A

parietal lobe (R/L)
visuoconstruction
visuoperception
visuoorientation

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2
Q

Visuospatial function deficits

A

getting lost in familiar environments
visual distortions
agnosias
distortion: oscillopsia, macropsia

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3
Q

Executive function location

A

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

posterior parietal lobe

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4
Q

Social cognition location

A

insular cortex
orbitofrontal cortex - response inhibition
anterior cingulate -drive, motivation

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5
Q

Dementia

A 
impaired cognition
impaired function
not related to a medical condition/medication
decline from previous function
not related to learning disability
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6
Q

Examples of dementia

A 
Alzheimer's 
vascular
Lewy Body
Frontotemporal
Parkinson's disease
Huntington's
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7
Q

Neuropathology of dementia

A

misfolded proteins
Alzheimer’s - beta amyloid
Parkinson’s/lewy body

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8
Q

Selective vulnerability to dementia

A

certain protein aggregates have affinity to certain anatomic regions
Cell death/dysfunction in those regions
does not work 100% of the time
DDx for corticobasilar syndrome

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9
Q

Recall neuroanatomy

A

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

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10
Q

Attention/working memory neuroanatomy

A

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

posterior parietal lobe

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11
Q

Language neuroanatomy

A

Primary auditory cortex
Wernicke’s
Broca’s

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12
Q

Pentagon test neuroanatomy

A

parietal
visual cortex
inferior temporal lobes

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13
Q

3 step command test neuroanatomy

A

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

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14
Q

MOCA

A

screening
more difficult
better at picking up mild cognitive impairment - 80% sensitivity

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15
Q

Orientation to time/place brain area

A

temporal

frontal

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16
Q

Orientation to time/place in dementia

A

impaired relatively late in course of dementia

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17
Q

Orientation to person brain area

A

SELF: medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortex
OTHERS: fusiform gyrus (occipitltemporal gyrus) in temporal lobe

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18
Q

Orientation to person in dementia

A

impaired very late

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19
Q

Immediate recall impairment brain area

A

Wernicke, Broca, Arcuate fasciculus

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20
Q

Immediate recall impairment in dementia

A

FTD > AD

21
Q

Delayed recall (2-3 min) impairment brain area

A

Hippocampus

medial temporal lobe (high density of NFT, NP)

22
Q

Delayed recall impairment in dementia

A

AD > FTD

AD –> rapid rate of forgetting for 10 minutes

23
Q

Spelling brain area

A 
prefrontal
frontal dorsolateral
inferior dorsolateral
inferior parietal
cingulate gyrus
24
Q

Spelling impairment in dementia

A

AD > FTD

25
Q

Calculation brain area

A

prefrontal
frontal dorsolateral
left parietal
cingulate gyrus

26
Q

Calculation impairent in dementia

A

AD > FTD > VASC

27
Q

Perseveration/inability to shift attention/tasks brain area

A

frontal lobe

28
Q

perseveration/shifting attention/tasks impairment in dementia

A

FTD > AD

29
Q

Naming brain area

A

L Temporal

Parietal

30
Q

Naming impairment in dementia

A

VASC > AD > FTD

31
Q

Repetition impairment brain area

A

Wernicke
Broca
Arcuate fasciculus

32
Q

repetition impairment in dementia

A

VASC > AD > FTD

33
Q

3-step command brain area

A

temporal
frontal
premotor

34
Q

reading and comprehension brain area

A

L parietal

temporal

35
Q

Writing brain area

A

L parietal

36
Q

3-step command, reading/comprehension, writing impairment in dementia

A

variable

37
Q

Copy design brain area

A

R parietal

Basal ganglia with projections to prefrontal cortex

38
Q

Copy design impairment in dementia

A

DLB = DPD > VASC > AD> FTD

Vasc: visuospatial impairment > then delayed recall (2-3 min)

39
Q

Abstract thinking brain area

A

frontal

prefrontal

40
Q

Abstract thinking impairment in dmentia

A

FTD > AD

41
Q

Trail making test A

A

R-sided lesions
frontal
parietal

42
Q

Train making test B

A

L-sided lesions
frontal
parietal

43
Q

Trail making test impairment in dementia

A

FTD > AD

44
Q

verbal fluency brain area

A

frontal

prefrontal

45
Q

verbal fluency impairment in dementia

A

FTD > AD

46
Q

R-L orientation brain area

A

L parietal

47
Q

R-L orientation impairment in dementia

A

VASC > AD

48
Q

Clock drawing test

A 
Comprehension: temporal
Planning/sequencing/organizing: frontal
Constructional ability: R-parietal
Praxis: L parietal
Visual processing: occipital
49
Q

Clock drawing test impairment in dementia

A

AD > Vascular

6P (13 decks)

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