cognition

Question 1

cognition definition

Answer 1

the menral process of acquiring knowledge and understanding trough thought, experience and senses

Question 2

cognition domains

Answer 2

• memory and learning
• language
• executive functions
• attention
• perceptual and motor functions
• social cognition

Question 3

memory definition

Answer 3

the process of encoding, storing and retrieving experiences and knowledge (process)

Question 4

encoding

Answer 4

translation of information

Question 5

consolidation

Answer 5

transforming short-term into long-term memory to stabilize memory traces

Question 6

retrieval

Answer 6

recalling information

Question 7

anterograde amnesia

Answer 7

• not being able to form new memories
• hippocampus

Question 8

retrograde amnesia

Answer 8

• not being able to recall memories
• neocortex (medial temporal lobe)

Question 9

multi-store model of memory

Answer 9

• sensory register
  
  • attention
• working memory
  
  • consolidation
  • retrieval
• long-term memory

Question 10

sensory register

Answer 10

sensory information is stores for a really short time (1-5s)

Question 11

short-term/ working memory

Answer 11

when attention is paid, sesnory information is stored for 15-30s/5-9items

Question 12

long term memory

Answer 12

information can be consolidated and retrieved with unlimited capacity if linked to strong sensory stimulus

Question 13

working memory definition

Answer 13

temporary storage and manipulation of the information necessary for complex cognitive tasks such as reasoning, comprehension and learning

Question 14

baddeleys model of working memory

Answer 14

central executive >
- phonological loop: auditory
- visuospatial sketchpad: visual and spatial
- episodic buffer: integrated information with semantic meaning

Question 15

working memory location

Answer 15

mainly prefrontal cortex

Question 16

long-term memory types

Answer 16

declarative/explicit
- semantic
- episodic

non-declarative
- procedural
- skeletal
- emotional

Question 17

explicit memory location

Answer 17

medial temporal lobe
diencephalon (thalamus+hypothalamus)
neocortex

Question 18

decaritive/explicit memory meaning

Answer 18

concious memory

Question 19

nondeclaratiev/explicit memory meaning

Answer 19

unconcious memory

Question 20

procedural memory

Answer 20

• skills and habits
• striatum

Question 21

skeletal memory

Answer 21

cerebellum

Question 22

emotional responses

Answer 22

amygdala

Question 23

hippocampus parts

Answer 23

• ammons horn (CA1-CA4)
• dentate gyrus

Question 24

trisynaptic circuit

Answer 24

• perforant path
• mossy fibers
• schaffers collaterals

Question 25

flow of information in memory

Answer 25

sensory information from cortical areas entorhinal cortex perforant path dentate gyrus mossy fibers CA3 schaffer collaterals CA1 subiculum fornix papez circle

Question 26

papez circle

Answer 26

hippocampus fornix thalamus gyrus inguli rhinal cortex hippocampus

Question 27

long-term potentiation

Answer 27

NA influx through AMPA receptors magnesium stops blocking NMDA receptors Ca influx through NMDA receptors New AMPA receptors at the membrane