Cog Dev - general

Question 1

Piagets theory of cognitive development

Answer 1

√ - real world application to education
X - challenged by Vgotsky
X - Underestimated the importance of language
X - underestimated the importance of other people
X - bias sample - desire to learn may not be that strong in all children

Question 2

Piagets stages of cog dev

Answer 2

X - deterministic - suggests these abilities develop at the same time, evidence from ASD/ assburgers doesnt suggest this
X - Demand characterists in conservation, counters task Mcgarrigle and Donaldson
X - Siegler and Svetina - class inclusion is yougner thatn what piaget said

Question 3

Vygotsky

Answer 3

√ - support for ZPD - Roazzi and Bryant
√ - Support for scaffolding - Connor and Cross
√ - application to education
X - individual differences - social learning may not be the best for all

Question 4

Baillargeon

Answer 4

X - cant understand what an infant is thinking - may be invalid
√ - support for PRS - Pei and perception
√ - support for PRS being universal - Hespos and Van Marle suggested knowing keys will fall is universal

Question 5

ToM

Answer 5

√ - well controlled - confounding variables are eliminated
X - may have been testing perspective taking - not believing what sally will be feeling but viewing events from her POV
√X - partially explains autism - may be other cog factors involved too tho
X - eye task - pair of static eyes doesnt reflect everyday life

Question 6

Selmans

Answer 6

√ - supported his stages with the holly dillemma - positive correlation between age and perspective taking ability
X - Gasser and Keller - found bullies who showed anti-social behaviour had no difficulties with perspective taking
√ - useful in understanding atypical development - e.g. the behaviour of those on the ASD spectrum

Question 7

MN’s

Answer 7

V – scientific research support – Haker et al (2012) X – however, they only looked at general brain activity so cant establish cause and effect
V – ASD and MN systems have been linked by Hadjikhani (2007) found lower activity in regions of MN in autistics
X – Hickok (2009)