cog 1a

Question 1

Define Learning

Answer 1

Learning is the process by which relatively long-lasting changes occur in behavioural potential as a result of experience (Anderson, 1995)

Question 2

Define Memory

Answer 2

Memory is the relatively permanent record of the experience that underlies learning (Anderson, 1995)

Question 3

What is cognitivism?

Answer 3

Looks at IMPs, theoretical models (info flows sequentially
like WMM and MSM) and the ‘computer analogy’ (mind ~ computer)
Role of schema –> cognitive framework to organise info

Question 4

What is behaviourism?

Answer 4

Based on observable stimulus-response patterns (objective, empirical, controlled)

Question 5

What is acquisition?

Answer 5

The strength of the conditioned response (eg amount of saliva) depends on the number of pairings between US and CS

Question 6

What is extinction?

Answer 6

The strength of the conditioned response gradually decreases when there are more trials without the US (eg food)

Question 7

What is spontaneous recovery?

Answer 7

Spontaneous recovery of a CR that was previously extinguished
After a series of extinction trials, and the CS (eg bell) is presented some time later without the US (eg food) but the CR (eg salivation) randomly occurs

Question 8

What is meant by temporal ordering?

Answer 8

CS (eg bell) –> US (eg food) —– strongest conditioning

US —> CS —– weakest conditioning, often fails