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food origins and forms 1010 > Coffee > Flashcards

Coffee Flashcards

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1
Q

where is coffee grown?

A

within 1000 miles of the equator

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2
Q

How many small farms produce coffee beans?

A

25 million

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3
Q

what type of coffee is the most drunk?

A

coffee arabica

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4
Q

what type of coffee is robusta?

A

coffee canephora

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5
Q

how much of the world’s coffee is robusta?

A

30%

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6
Q

where are most of the coffee canephora grown?

A

vietnam

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7
Q

which coffee has higher caffeine content?

A

coffee canephora

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8
Q

how does milk mellow the flavor of caffeine?

A

the dairy protein binds to the tannic phenolic compound and aroma molecules

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9
Q

how is instant coffee made?

A

water-soluble component extracted by roasting beans with hot water, concentrating it, and spray drying it

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10
Q

when was the international coffee agreement signed?

A

2007

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11
Q

what did the international coffee agreement do?

A

sustainable coffee trade

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12
Q

when was the fairtrade agreement signed?

A

1980

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13
Q

how much does coffee production fall with an increase of 1C in minimum temperature?

A

137kg

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14
Q

when was coffee rust fungus identified (devastating Emily)

A

1869

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15
Q

what is the color change of the coffee berries?

A

green to red

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16
Q

how many harvests are there in a year?

A

1

17
Q

when did coffee rust fungus reach Guatemala?

A

2010

18
Q

what is the name of the mechanical picking process?

A

strip picked

19
Q

what occurs during dry processing?

A

berries are sorted, cleaned, and placed in the sun to dry

20
Q

how long are berries left to dry in the sun?

A

4 weeks

21
Q

what occurs in wet processing?

A

berries are placed in water, the ripe berries sink while defective berries float

22
Q

what happens in hulling?

A

the bean is removed if it has been dry-processed or the parchment is removed if it has been wet-processed

23
Q

why are beans blended

A

to get the same flavor and to reduce the cost

24
Q

what is the main principle used in roasting?

A

the malliard reaction

25
Q

what temperatures does roasting occur at?

A

190-275C for 90s to 30mins

26
Q

how does roasting effect antioxidants?

A

increasing roasting intensity destroys more antioxidants

27
Q

how is decaf coffee made?

A

Dichloromethane is used to remove caffeine, this is then removed by heat treatment with steam

food origins and forms 1010 (5 decks)

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