coffe master 200 Flashcards
What is the story/journey of the bean?
COFFEE GROWS ON A FARM
Throughout the Coffee Belt, farmers and their families rely on coffee for their livelihood.
COFFEE FIELD
After a year in a nursery, healthy coffee plants are moved to the fields where they will mature into fruit-bearing trees.
FLOWERING
A coffee tree typically blossoms once a year, producing white, jasmine-scented flowers. After the blossoms fall away, a cluster of green cherries forms.
COFFEE LIFE CYCLE
A mature coffee tree typically produces a yearly cycle of coffee cherries.
FRUIT PRODUCTION
It takes about nine months for a coffee cherry to fully grow and ripen from green to red.
HARVEST
It takes about nine months for a coffee cherry to fully grow and ripen from green to red.
PROCESSING (FRUIT REMOVAL)
After the coffee cherries are picked, the fruit (cherry) needs to be removed from the green bean.
DRYING
After the coffee is processed, the green beans, usually still in their protective parchment layer, are raked and dried.
RESTING
When the coffee is dry, it is bagged and stored. Coffee needs to rest to develop flavoUr.
DRY MILLING
During this final step before export, the parchment is removed from the green bean and the beans are sorted for quality.
EXPORT
The green beans are put into bags, loaded onto a container and shipped. The journey from origin to roasting plant takes four to nine weeks depending on where the coffee is being shipped from.
ARRIVAL
Once the green coffee beans arrive at port, they are sent to one of our plants to be checked for quality.
CUPPING
A sample of all coffee arriving at our plants is tasted to validate that the quality of coffee was maintained during its journey.
ROASTING
Coffee is roasted by a small team, led by a master roaster, that transforms the green beans into rich, aromatic, roasted coffee.
BLENDING
A small team of experts works to ensure each blend is thoughtfully created.
PACKAGING
After coffee is roasted, it is packaged to keep it fresh.
YOU
Coffee’s journey ends with you! You are the last in a long line of people who touch the coffee, making sure each cup is perfect.
CUSTOMERS
Coffee’s journey ends with you! You are the last in a long line of people who touch the coffee, making sure each cup is perfect.
Ethical sourcing is the practice of what in Starbucks?
the practice of making sure that a product is acquired in a responsible, sustainable way. In our case, coffee. This includes helping ensure safe, fair working conditions for our farmers and taking into account any environmental or social impacts that may result from the sourcing process.
Why is ethical sourcing a big part of who we are?
it marries with Our Mission and Values, our culture and the way we conduct ourselves as a global company. Though we have always embraced these principles, it was in 1998 that we significantly formalized our approach to ethical sourcing through a very important partnership.
tell me about our Revolutionary Verification Program
In 2001, we took it a step further. We had been searching for a way to verify our coffees as “ethically sourced,” but no single existing certification addressed all of the components we believed were crucial to sustainability. So, in partnership with Conservation International, we created our own set of comprehensive guidelines to ensure that the coffee we buy is ethically grown and responsibly traded.
We call our verification program C.A.F.E. Practices, which stands for Coffee and Farmer Equity.
How does C.A.F.E practices help us?
helps us both create a long-term supply of high-quality coffee and positively impact the lives and livelihoods of coffee farmers and their communities. It’s one of the first third-party verified set of sustainability standards in the coffee industry. This means that independent verifiers are responsible for ensuring that our standards—from protecting workers’ rights to conserving water and energy— are being accurately measured by experts.
Understanding C.A.F.E. Practices will help you understand why we are so proud to have the Conservation International logo on our bags of coffee.
What is the four criteria of C.A.F.E
Quality - taste in a cup
Economic transparency - price pay to the farmers
Social responsibility - protecting the rights of farm workers
Environmental leadership - protecting the environment
What does C.A.F.E stand for?
Coffee and Farmer Equity
What does quality mean in C.A.F.E?
Coffee must pass our quality teams high standards through a cupping (tasting) process. The higher the quality, the higher the price pay to the farmers
What does economic transparency mean in C.A.F.E?
Starting in 1998 Starbucks change the industry by implementing through economic transparency. Our suppliers (farmers, producers, exporters) are required to submit evidence of payments made for green coffee throughout the supply chain, including how much was paid directly to the farmers for their coffee
For example, Pike Place roast. We know the coffee inside is a blend of beans from Latin America. Because of economic transparency we also know which farms the beans come from the name of the farmers and the price paid to each of them for the coffee. Why do these things matter? If transparency doesn’t exist, it’s very difficult to maintain relationships throughout the supply chain relationships with supplies and farmers need to be built on trust and honesty.
What does social responsibility mean in C.A.F.E?
This is all about people. Coffee producers need to protect the rights of people labouring on their farms and must have measures in place that promote a safe and humane work environment. Social responsibility also includes providing habitable living conditions and investing in things like housing, Wells for water, access to education and medical care. C.A.F.E practices requires that suppliers do not discriminating hiring practices and that workers must be paid at at least the minimum legal wage on a regular basis
What does environmentally leadership mean in C.A.F.E?
When coffee produces take steps to protect the ecosystems they live in they ensure that the land will be healthy enough to support farming for years to come. With growing and processing environmental measures must be in place for managing waste protecting water quality conserving water and energy preserving biodiversity and reducing agrochemical use.
What do other certification organisation Starbucks purchase coffee from?
Fair trade and organic
Tell me about fair trade coffee
They are grown using rigorous standards designed to support farmers in their communities and protect the environment fair trade focuses exclusively on small farms that are organised into cooperatives-groups who joined together to help promote and sell their coffee. Fair trade coffee guarantees a minimum price which acts as a safety net when prices drop this gives fair trade coffee farmers the security that they will receive a price that covers their average costs of production.
Tell me about organic coffee
Coffee is referred to as organic when no pesticides, herbicides, fungicides or chemical fertilisers are used during growing, processing or handling. Organic farming aims to develop ecosystems capable of naturally managing pests disease and competing vegetation while reducing or eliminating chemical use. We believe this ultimately benefits the environment only a small percentage of coffee worldwide is officially satisfied organic coffee are certified organic by third-party separate from the coffee producer and coffee buyer and the pro for a farm to become certified. Organic can take up to 3 years and requires substantial financial investment.
When and where did we open our first Farmer Support Centers?
In 2004 in Costa Rica
Where are all our farmers support centres located?
1) Cutelajuela, Costa Rica
2) Guatemala City, Guatemala
3) Kigali, Rwanda
4) Mbeya, Tanzania
5) Manizales, Colombia
6) Yunnan, China
7) Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
8) North Sumatra, Indonesia
9) Chiapas, Mexico
what does Open-Source Agronomy mean?
This means our team of agronomists share research, education, best practices and resources with farmers around the world, regardless if Starbucks buys their coffee or not.
what is th global farmer fund?
The Starbucks Global Farmer Fund is a $50 million commitment to provide loans to coffee farmers to strengthen their farms through coffee-tree renovation and infrastructure improvements, including a $2 million farmer loan commitment from Starbucks in partnership with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) to support 2,000 primarily women coffee growers in Colombia. This investment in the future of coffee serves an important need by providing financing to farmers who may not qualify for commercial loans.
How would you describe the role of the pharmacy support centres to a friendly family member or customer?
In 2004, we open our first FSC in San Jose, Costa Rica. There are now nine FSCs strategically located in key coffee producing countries around the world
Through FSCs, free access to the latest findings in our top agronomics including new disease resistant trees and advanced soil management techniques
The goal is to help farmers become more profitable and improve their quality ensuring the future of high-quality sustainable coffee for everyone for years to come
This means our team of academics research education, best practices and resources with farmers around the world regardless if Starbucks buys their coffee or not
How would you describe C.A.F.E. practices to a friend family member or customer
C.A.F.E. practices help us both long-term supply of high-quality coffee and positively impact the lives and livelihoods of coffee, farmers and their communities.
1st to purchase coffee, it must pass our quality teams high standards through a cupping (tasting) process. The higher the quality the higher the price is paid to the farmers.
I was suppliers are required to submit evidence of payments made for green coffee throughout the supply chain all the way down to the farmers
Coffee producers need to protect the rights of people labouring on their farms and must have measures in place that promote a safe and humane work environment
Coffee producers must protect the ecosystems. They live in to ensure the land will be healthier enough to support farming and the livelihoods of everyone involved.
What are the two key locations that work together to ensure green coffee quality is maintained on the bean’s journey around the world?
Starbucks Coffee Trading Company in Lausanne, Switzerland
The Global Coffee Quality Team in Seattle, Washington, USA
How much of the worlds coffee do we purchase?
5%
Which team is responsible for Starbucks green coffee purchases?
Starbucks Coffee Trading Company (SCTC)
Farmers who hope to sell their coffee to Starbucks send a sample to SCTC. What is this sample called?
Preshipment sample
Before a coffee is shipped, the SCTC tastes the coffee again for quality. What is this sample called?
Preshipment sample
Which team manages quality once the coffee is shipped and arrives at a roasting plant until the time it is ready to be brewed?
The Global Coffee Quality team (GCQ)
When coffee arrives from origin, the Global Coffee Quality team tastes the coffee once again to confirm nothing happened during shipping. What is this sample called?
Arrival sample
Coffee can grow at different elevations with a variety of growing conditions that influence flavour. What are the three
Altitude
Terroir
Microclimate
What is Altitude?
Altitude refers to the elevation at which coffee is grown. Starbucks purchases only arabica coffees that grow at high elevations. Coffees grown at high altitudes experience warm days with cooler nights, which slows the growth of the cherries and creates denser green beans rich with complex flavor.
What is Terroir?
Terroir (ter-wahr) is a French term, literally meaning “soil, land.” Terroir includes the soil and microclimate unique to a specific growing location. A location’s terroir will also influence the type of coffee varietal that will grow best there.
What is Microclimate?
Microclimate is a term that describes temperature and the amount of sunlight and rainfall of a small area. Microclimates, which can be as small as a few square feet and as large as many square miles, can help unique flavour profiles appear within even small regions.
Talk me through the coffee processing methods
WASH
This method increases the coffees acidity, and tanginess, and gives it a clean finish. Washed coffees are typically light-to medium- bodied.
SEMI-WASHED
This method softens acidity and contributes to a smooth mouthfeel and medium-to-full-body.
NATURAL (SUN-DRIED)
This method imparts intense, sometimes berry-like, flavours to each bean and diminishes acidity. These coffees tend to have a fuller body.
What is another thing that influences the flavour of coffee? What does this mean?
Aging
Aging means the green coffee has been stored in a warehouse for three to five years to develop flavor. We only select high-quality Indonesian beans for this process because as they age, these beans develop highly specific flavors like spice, peat moss and toasted marshmallow—the exact flavors we look for in aged coffees. Aged beans are featured in two of our most celebrated coffees, Starbucks® Anniversary Blend and Christmas Blend.
How does Roasting Influence the Flavour of Coffee?
By the time coffee leaves origin, farmers have done everything they can to produce delicious, high-quality coffee. The next step is to develop and maintain flavor once coffee arrives at one of our roasting plants.
Each coffee requires a slightly different amount of time and temperature during the roasting process to create a cup of coffee with peak aroma, acidity, body and flavor. It takes a team of very talented and passionate roasters to ensure the quality of our green coffee is highlighted in the roasting process.
Explain Blonde roast bean
Blonde-roasted coffees are lighter in body with mellow flavors. Though the flavors can be more delicate compared to Medium Roast or Dark Roast coffees, they are still complex with intriguing nuances
Explain medium roast bean
Medium-roasted coffees have a smooth acidity, balanced body and a richness of flavor. More complexity and roundness are developing through the roast.
Explain dark roast bean
Our dark-roasted coffees tend to feature fuller body and robust, bold flavors. A caramelized sweetness emerges in some of our darkest, such as Espresso Roast and Italian Roast.
Starbucks purchases arabica coffee grown at high elevations. Why is elevation important?
Different coffee-growing countries have different harvest seasons, which allows us to feature different single-origin coffees throughout the year. This principle is called:
Most coffees are a deep ______ when ripe; however, some varietals may ripen to a yellow color.
After cherries are picked, the fruit that surrounds the bean needs to be removed. This step is called:
The three most common processing methods are:
Which of the following variables affects the flavor of coffee?
