Coenzymes

Question 1

what is the vitamin source of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

Answer 1

None

Question 2

what is the metabolic role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

Answer 2

transfer of phosphoryl or nucleotidyl groups

Question 3

what is the mechanistic role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

Answer 3

cosubstrate

Question 4

what is the vitamin source of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)?

Answer 4

None

Question 5

what is the metabolic role of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)?

Answer 5

transfer of methyl groups

Question 6

what the mechanistic role of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)?

Answer 6

cosubstrate

Question 7

what is the vitamin source of uridine disphosphate glucose?

Answer 7

none

Question 8

what is the metabolic role of uridine disphosphate glucose?

Answer 8

transfer of glycosyl groups

Question 9

what is the mechanistic role of uridine disphosphate glucose?

Answer 9

cosubstrate

Question 10

what is the vitamin source of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)?

Answer 10

Niacin (B3)

Question 11

what is the metabolic role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)?

Answer 11

oxidation-reduction reactions involving two electron transfer

Question 12

what is the mechanistic role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)?

Answer 12

cosubstrate

Question 13

what is the vitamin source of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)?

Answer 13

riboflavin (B2)

Question 14

what is the metabolic role of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)?

Answer 14

oxidation-reduction reactions involving one- and two-electron transfers

Question 15

what is the mechanistic role of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)?

Answer 15

prosthetic group

Question 16

what is the vitamin source of coenzyme A (CoA)?

Answer 16

pantothenate (B5)

Question 17

what is the metabolic role of coenzyme A (CoA)?

Answer 17

transfer of acyl groups

Question 18

what is the mechanistic role of coenzyme A (CoA)?

Answer 18

cosubstrate

Question 19

what is the vitamin source of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)?

Answer 19

thiamine (B1)

Question 20

what is the metabolic role of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)?

Answer 20

transfer of multi-carbon fragments containing a carbonyl group

Question 21

what is the mechanistic role of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)?

Answer 21

prosthetic group

Question 22

what is the vitamin source of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)?

Answer 22

pyridoxine (B6)

Question 23

what is the metabolic role of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)?

Answer 23

transfer of groups to and from amino acids

Question 24

what is the mechanistic role of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)?

Answer 24

prosthetic group

Question 25

what is the vitamin source of biotin?

Answer 25

Biotin (B7)

Question 26

what is the metabolic role of biotin?

Answer 26

ATP-dependent carboxylation of substrates or carboxyl-group transfer between substrates

Question 27

what is the mechanistic role of biotin?

Answer 27

prosthetic group

Question 28

what is the vitamin source of tetrahydrofolate?

Answer 28

folate

Question 29

what is the metabolic role of tetrahydrofolate?

Answer 29

- transfer of one-carbon substituents, especially formyl and hydroxymethyl groups - provides the methyl group for thymine in DNA

Question 30

what is the mechanistic role of tetrahydrofolate?

Answer 30

cosubstrate

Question 31

what is the vitamin source of cobalamin?

Answer 31

cobalamin (B12)

Question 32

what is the metabolic role of cobalamin?

Answer 32

- intramolecular rearrangements | - transfer of methyl groups

Question 33

what is the vitamin source of lipoamide?

Answer 33

none

Question 34

what is the metabolic role of lipoamide?

Answer 34

oxidation of hydroxyalkyl group from TPP and subsequent transfer as an acyl group

Question 35

what is the mechanistic role of lipoamide?

Answer 35

prosthetic group

Question 36

what is the mechanistic role of cobalamin?

Answer 36

prosthethic group

Question 37

what is the vitamin source of retinal?

Answer 37

vitamin A

Question 38

what is the metabolic role of retinal?

Answer 38

vision

Question 39

what is the mechanistic role of retinal?

Answer 39

prosthetic group

Question 40

what is the vitamin source of vitamin K?

Answer 40

vitamin K

Question 41

what is the metabolic role of vitamin K?

Answer 41

carboxylation of some glutamate residues

Question 42

what is the mechanistic role of vitamin K?

Answer 42

prosthetic group

Question 43

what is the vitamin source of ubiquinone (Q)?

Answer 43

none

Question 44

what is the metabolic role of ubiquinone (Q)?

Answer 44

lipid-soluble electron carrier

Question 45

what is the mechanistic role of ubiquinone (Q)?

Answer 45

cosubstrate

Question 46

what is the vitamin source of heme group?

Answer 46

none

Question 47

what is the metabolic role of heme group?

Answer 47

electron transfer

Question 48

what is the mechanistic role of heme group?/

Answer 48

prosthetic group