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Biochemistry > Coenzymes > Flashcards

Coenzymes Flashcards

1
Q

what is the vitamin source of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

A

None

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2
Q

what is the metabolic role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

A

transfer of phosphoryl or nucleotidyl groups

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3
Q

what is the mechanistic role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

A

cosubstrate

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4
Q

what is the vitamin source of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)?

A

None

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5
Q

what is the metabolic role of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)?

A

transfer of methyl groups

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6
Q

what the mechanistic role of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)?

A

cosubstrate

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7
Q

what is the vitamin source of uridine disphosphate glucose?

A

none

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8
Q

what is the metabolic role of uridine disphosphate glucose?

A

transfer of glycosyl groups

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9
Q

what is the mechanistic role of uridine disphosphate glucose?

A

cosubstrate

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10
Q

what is the vitamin source of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)?

A

Niacin (B3)

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11
Q

what is the metabolic role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)?

A

oxidation-reduction reactions involving two electron transfer

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12
Q

what is the mechanistic role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)?

A

cosubstrate

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13
Q

what is the vitamin source of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)?

A

riboflavin (B2)

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14
Q

what is the metabolic role of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)?

A

oxidation-reduction reactions involving one- and two-electron transfers

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15
Q

what is the mechanistic role of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)?

A

prosthetic group

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16
Q

what is the vitamin source of coenzyme A (CoA)?

A

pantothenate (B5)

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17
Q

what is the metabolic role of coenzyme A (CoA)?

A

transfer of acyl groups

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18
Q

what is the mechanistic role of coenzyme A (CoA)?

A

cosubstrate

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19
Q

what is the vitamin source of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)?

A

thiamine (B1)

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20
Q

what is the metabolic role of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)?

A

transfer of multi-carbon fragments containing a carbonyl group

21
Q

what is the mechanistic role of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)?

A

prosthetic group

22
Q

what is the vitamin source of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)?

A

pyridoxine (B6)

23
Q

what is the metabolic role of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)?

A

transfer of groups to and from amino acids

24
Q

what is the mechanistic role of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)?

A

prosthetic group

25
Q

what is the vitamin source of biotin?

A

Biotin (B7)

26
Q

what is the metabolic role of biotin?

A

ATP-dependent carboxylation of substrates or carboxyl-group transfer between substrates

27
Q

what is the mechanistic role of biotin?

A

prosthetic group

28
Q

what is the vitamin source of tetrahydrofolate?

A

folate

29
Q

what is the metabolic role of tetrahydrofolate?

A
  • transfer of one-carbon substituents, especially formyl and hydroxymethyl groups
  • provides the methyl group for thymine in DNA
30
Q

what is the mechanistic role of tetrahydrofolate?

A

cosubstrate

31
Q

what is the vitamin source of cobalamin?

A

cobalamin (B12)

32
Q

what is the metabolic role of cobalamin?

A
  • intramolecular rearrangements

- transfer of methyl groups

33
Q

what is the vitamin source of lipoamide?

A

none

34
Q

what is the metabolic role of lipoamide?

A

oxidation of hydroxyalkyl group from TPP and subsequent transfer as an acyl group

35
Q

what is the mechanistic role of lipoamide?

A

prosthetic group

36
Q

what is the mechanistic role of cobalamin?

A

prosthethic group

37
Q

what is the vitamin source of retinal?

A

vitamin A

38
Q

what is the metabolic role of retinal?

A

vision

39
Q

what is the mechanistic role of retinal?

A

prosthetic group

40
Q

what is the vitamin source of vitamin K?

A

vitamin K

41
Q

what is the metabolic role of vitamin K?

A

carboxylation of some glutamate residues

42
Q

what is the mechanistic role of vitamin K?

A

prosthetic group

43
Q

what is the vitamin source of ubiquinone (Q)?

A

none

44
Q

what is the metabolic role of ubiquinone (Q)?

A

lipid-soluble electron carrier

45
Q

what is the mechanistic role of ubiquinone (Q)?

A

cosubstrate

46
Q

what is the vitamin source of heme group?

A

none

47
Q

what is the metabolic role of heme group?

A

electron transfer

48
Q

what is the mechanistic role of heme group?/

A

prosthetic group

Biochemistry (9 decks)

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