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COE 126 > COE126 : Database Systems > Flashcards

COE126 : Database Systems Flashcards

1
Q

The overall logical structure of the database.

A

Logical Schema

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2
Q

The overall physical structure of database.

A

Physical Schema

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3
Q

The actual content of the database at a particular point in time.

A

Instances

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4
Q

The ability to modify the modify schema without changing the logical schema.

A

Physical Data Independence

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5
Q

Specification notation for defining the database schema

A

Data Definition Language (DDL)

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6
Q

ID uniquely identifies instructors

A

Primary Key

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7
Q

Language for accessing and updating the data organized by the appropriate data model. Also known as query model.

A

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

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8
Q

Require a user to specify what data are needed and how to get those data.

A

Procedural DML

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9
Q

Require a user to specify what data are needed without specifying how to get those data.

A

Declarative DML

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10
Q

__________ is nonprocedural. A query takes as input several tables (possibly only one) and always returns a single table.

A

SQL Query Language

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11
Q

Are programs that are used to interact with the database in this fashion.

A

Application Programs

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12
Q

Deciding on the database schema. It requires what we find a “good” collection of relation schemas.

A

Logical Design

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13
Q

Deciding on the physical layout of the database.

A

Physical Design

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14
Q

A database system in partitioned into modules that deal with each of the responsibilities of the overall system.

A

Database Engine

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15
Q

A program module that provides interface between the low-leveled data stored in the database and the application programs and queries submitted to the system.

A

Storage Manager

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16
Q

Interprets DDL statements and records the definitions in the data dictionary.

A

DDL interpreter

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17
Q

Translates DML statements in a query language into are evaluation plan consisting of low-level instructions that the query evaluation engine understands.

A

DML compiler

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18
Q

Executes low-level instructions generated by the DML compiler.

A

Query Evaluation Engine

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19
Q

A ___________ is a collection of operation that performs a single logical function in a database application.

A

transaction

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20
Q

Ensures that the database remain in a consistent (correct) state despite the failures and transaction failures.

A

Transaction-management component

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21
Q

Controls the interaction among the concurrent transaction, to ensure the consistency of the database

A

Concurrency-control manager

22
Q

The application resides at the client machine, where it invokes database system functionality at the server machine.

A

Two-tier architecture

23
Q

The client machine acts as a front end and does not contain any direct database calls.

A

Three-tier architecture

24
Q

A person who has central control over the system is called

A

Database Administrator (DBA)

25
Q

The set of allowed values of each attribute is called

A

Domain of the attribute

26
Q

Is the logical structure of the database.

A

Database schema

27
Q

is a snapshot of the data in the database at a given instant in time.

A

Database instance

28
Q

A procedural language consisting of a set of operation that take one or two relations as input and produce a new relation as their result.

A

Relational Algebra

29
Q

A unary operation that returns its argument relation, with certain attributes left out.

A

Project Operation

30
Q

A real-world entity having properties called attributes.

A

Entity

31
Q

Properties of entities that have values.

A

Attributes

32
Q

Logical association among entities.

A

Relationship

33
Q

Defines the number of association between two entities.

A

Cardinality

34
Q

Attributes that uniquely identity rows of a table.

A

Candidate Key

35
Q

The set of all the keys which help to identify rows in a table uniquely.

A

Super Key

36
Q

Used to establish relationships between two tables.

A

Foreign Key

37
Q

A set of two or more attributes that help identify each tuple in a table uniquely.

A

Composite Key

38
Q

A table can have multiple choices for a primary key; however it can choose only one.

A

Alternate Key

39
Q

A column or set of columns that uniquely identify each record in a table.

A

Unique Key

40
Q

One entity has only one event shared with another entity.

A

One-to-One Cardinality (1:1)

41
Q

One entity has an event that occurs one time, while the other entity can have more than one repetition of the event.

A

One-to-many Cardinality (1:n)

42
Q

Opposite of one-to-many, difference is due to perspective.

A

Many-to-one Cardinality (m:1)

43
Q

When both entities have the same event or relationship happen more than once.

A

Many-to-many Cardinality (m:n)

44
Q

A graphical representation of the entity relationship model.

A

ER diagram

45
Q

Is credited with introducing the widely adopted ER model in his paper “The Entity Relationship Model-Toward a Unified View of Data”.

A

Peter Chen

46
Q

An entity that depends on the existence of another entity.

A

Weak Entity

47
Q

An attribute that can have more than one value.

A

Multivalued Attribute

48
Q

An attribute based on another attribute.

A

Derived Attribute

49
Q

Describes how entities interact.

A

Relationship

50
Q

If the same entity participates more than once in a relationship it is known as a

A

Recursive Relationship

51
Q

Each entity in the entity set is involved in at least one relationship in a relationship set.

A

Total Participation

52
Q

Each entity in the entity set may or may not occur in at least one relationship in a relationship set.

A

Partial Participation

COE 126 (2 decks)

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