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P1-MEMORY > Coding, Capacity & Duration > Flashcards

Coding, Capacity & Duration Flashcards

1
Q

What is duration?

A

The period of time information stays stored in memory.

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2
Q

What is capacity?

A

The maximum amount of information that memory stores can hold.

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3
Q

What is coding?

A

The format in which information is held in different stores.

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4
Q

What is the duration of SR?

A

1.5 seconds.

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5
Q

What is the duration of STM?

A

18-30 seconds.

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6
Q

What is the duration of LTM?

A

Lifetime.

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7
Q

What is the capacity of SR?

A

Can’t measure.

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8
Q

What is the capacity of STM?

A

5-9 items.

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9
Q

What is the capacity of LTM?

A

Unlimited.

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10
Q

What is the coding of SR?

A

5 senses.

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11
Q

What is the coding of STM?

A

Acoustic.

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12
Q

What is the coding of LTM?

A

Semantic.

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13
Q

What was the aim of Peterson and Peterson (1959)?

A

To investigate the duration of STM without verbal rehearsal.

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14
Q

What was the method of Peterson and Peterson (1959)?

A

24 psychology students recalled trigrams (e.g. G, T, B). Each different trigram was presented one at a time, and were recalled in intervals of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 & 18 seconds respectively.
Brown-Peterson technique: Participants had to count backwards from threes from a specified random number before being asked to recall (preventing rehearsal).

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15
Q

What were the results of Peterson and Peterson (1959)?

A

3 seconds- 80% correct.
6 seconds- 50% correct.
18 seconds- <10% correct.

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16
Q

What was the conclusion of Peterson and Peterson (1959)?

A

STM has a limited duration (18 seconds) when rehearsal is prevented.

17
Q

What are the features of Miller (1956)?

A

Miller’s Magic 7.
Capacity (STM): 5-9 items (dots, digits, letters).
Chunking can increase capacity (helping us remember groups of information).

18
Q

What was the aim of Baddeley (1966)?

A

To investigate coding in STM and LTM.

19
Q

What was the method of Baddeley (1966)?

A

Categories-
-Acoustically similar words.
-Acoustically dissimilar words.
-Semantically similar words.
-Semantically dissimilar words.

STM-
Recalled immediately after presentation (5 words).

LTM-
Recalled 20 minutes after presentation (10 words).

20
Q

What were the results of Baddeley (1966)?

A

Semantically/acoustically similar words were harder to recall than semantically/acoustically dissimilar words.
-Worst STM performance was acoustically similar words.
-Worst LTM performance was semantically similar words.

21
Q

What was the conclusion of Baddeley (1966)?

A

STM-
Acoustic coding.

LTM-
Semantic coding.

P1-MEMORY (7 decks)

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