Coding, Capacity, Duration Flashcards
Who conducted research into coding? How?
Baddeley
How does STM/ LTM code?
STM - acoustically
LTM - semantically
What is coding?
Format information is stored in e.g. visual, acoustic, semantic
Procedure for Baddeley?
4 lists of words for recollection
- Acoustically similar & dissimilar words
- Semantically similar & dissimilar words
ppts had to recall order of the list either immediately or 20 minutes later
What is capacity?
How much information memory can hold
Who did research into capacity of STM
Jacobs - digit span test
Miller - Chunks
What is the capacity of STM & LTM
STM = 7+/- 2
LTM = unlimited
How did Jacobs do the digit span test?
Real aloud 4 digits, if ppts managed to recall correctly = 5 read out instead and so on
What did Jacobs find for the capacity of STM?
Mean span for digits = 9.3
Mean span for letter = 7.3
Who conducted research into the duration of STM/ LTM?
STM - Peterson and Peterson
LTM - Barrack et al
Findings of research into duration of STM?
After 3 seconds, recall was 80%
After 18 seconds = less than 10%
Procedure of duration of STM
24 students in 8 trials were given constant syllable along w 3 digits
asked to recount back from the number to prevent rehearsal
after each trial, asked to stop and recall after 3, 6, 9, 15, 18 seconds
What is the duration of STM
18 seconds
What was the procedure for duration of LTM?
392 17-74 yr old American
recall tested via high school yearbooks
- Photo recognition: 50 photos from yr book
- Free recall task: Names of their graduating class
Findings from research into duration of LTM?
Photo recognition
- 90% if graduated within 15 years,
- 70% after 48 years
Free recall
- 60% if graduated within 15 years
- 30% after 48 years
= lifetime/ years
