Code.org Unit 1 Flashcards
Creative Commons - A collection of public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work
used when an author wants to give people the right to share
Intellectual property
A work or invention that is the result of creativity, such as piece of writing or a design, to which one has rights and for which one may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark etc resources
Lossy compression
A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something in which some information is lost or thrown away. This process is reversible
Lossless compression
A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something without losing it any information. This process is reversible
Analog data
Data with values that change continuously, or smoothly, over time. Some examples of analog data include music, colors of a painting, or position of a sprinter during a race
Digital data
Digital Data - Data that changes discretely through a finite set of possible values Sampling - A process for creating a digital representation of analog data by measuring the analog data at regular intervals
Binary
A way of representing info using only two options
Bit
- A contraction of “Binary Digit”; the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1
Byte
8 bits
Decimal
A way of representing info using ten options
A program
program is a collection of program statements that performs a specific task when run by a computer. A program is often referred to as software.
Code segment
Is a collection of program statements that is part of the program
Always know
A program needs to work for a variety of inputs and situations
The behavior of the program
how a program functions during execution and is often described by how a user interacts with it
Computing innovation
innovation includes a program as an integral part of its function
A computing innovation can be physical (e.g., self-driving car), nonphysical computing software (e.g., picture editing software), or a nonphysical computing concept (e.g., e
Effective calloboration
produces a computing innovation that reflects the diversity of talents and perspectives of those who designed it.
Consultation and communication
with users are important aspects of the development of computing innovations.
Program inputs
are data sent to a computer for processing by a program. Input can come in a variety of forms, such as tactile, audio, visual, or text.
Events can be generated when a key is pressed, a mouse is clicked, a program is started, or any other defined action occurs that affects the f low of execution. CRD-2.C.4 Inputs usually affect the output produced by a program
Event-driven programming
program statements are executed when triggered rather than through the sequential flow of control.
Input
Can come from a user or other programs
Program outputs
are any data sent from a program to a device. Program output can come in a variety of forms, such as tactile, audio, visual, or text.
Logic error
A logic error is a mistake in the algorithm or program that causes it to behave incorrectly or unexpectedly.
Syntax error
A syntax error is a mistake in the program where the rules of the programming language are not followe
Run-time error
I.3 A run-time error is a mistake in the program that occurs during the execution of a program. Programming languages define their own runtime errors.
Overflow error
An overflow error is an error that occurs when a computer attempts to handle a number that is outside of the defined range of values.
The following are effective ways to find and correct errors: § test cases § hand tracing § visualizations § debuggers § adding extra output statement(s)
Program documentation
is a written description of the function of a code segment, event, procedure, or program and how it was developed. CRD-2.G.2
Comments
are a form of program documentation written into the program to be read by people and do not affect how a program runs.
Programmers
should document a program throughout its development. Program documentation helps in developing and maintaining correct programs when working individually or in collaborative programming environments. Not all programming environments support comments, so other methods of documentation may be required
Cod etiquette
Acknowledge code segments use from the sources
Code etiquette
It is important to acknowledge any code segments that were developed collaboratively
Acknowledge code segments
segment(s) written by someone else and used in a program can be in the program documentation. The acknowledgement should include the origin or original author’s nam
The design
phase of a program may include: §brainstorming §planning and storyboarding §organizing the program into modules and functional components §creation of diagrams that represent the layouts of the user interface §development of a testing strategy for the program
Development process
Can be ordered an intentional l, explore nature
What are the multiple development processes
The following phases are commonly used when developing a program: § investigating and reflecting § designing § prototyping § testing
A development process
development process that is iterative requires refinement and revision based on feedback, testing, or reflection throughout the process. This may require revisiting earlier phases of the process. A development process that is incremental is one that breaks the problem into smaller pieces and makes sure each piece works before adding it to the whole. c
A development process
development process that is iterative requires refinement and revision based on feedback, testing, or reflection throughout the process. This may require revisiting earlier phases of the process. A development process that is incremental is one that breaks the problem into smaller pieces and makes sure each piece works before adding it to the whole. c
