Codecademy: Code Foundations Flashcards
(33 cards)
___________ is the mental process of thinking up instructions to give to a machine (like a computer)
programming
___________ is the process of transforming ideas into a written language that a computer can understand
coding
A __________________ is a way of saving a piece of information with a specific name.
Rather than writing out a piece of data every time we need it, we write it out once and the computer remembers it and can repeat that information back.
variable
Using a value without assigning it to a variable
hardcoding
When you specify the type and name of a variable to be used in an application, you are ____ a variable.
declaring
In computing, __________ is the pieces of information that we use to build programs, like the numbers in a calculation, or the text printed to a screen.
data
_________________ are the most basic data types, so basic that you can find them in pretty much every programming language. They include numbers, strings and booleans.
primitives
A data type that can be used to describe, calculate and count something.
numbers
___________ are any sequence of characters (letters, spaces, numbers, or symbols). While almost anything can be a ___________, they are typically used to represent text or speech. Similar to how we represent speech in writing, we surround ____________ with single (‘…’) or double quotes (“…”).
strings
A single value of either TRUE or FALSE
boolean
Different symbols that represent an operation, such as the plus sign as a symbol for addition.
operators
They include addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), and division (/)
arithmetic operators
<, >, ==
comparison operators
A _______________ is a named sequence of instructions, packaged as a unit, that performs a specific task.
function
A name for parts of a function which accept input values, like (topping1, topping2) in the example:
function makeSandwich (topping1, topping2)
parameters
The values that the programmer provides in the function call, like (ham, cheese) in the example:
function makeSandwich (ham, cheese)
arguments
When we ___________ a function, we specify the instructions, inputs, and name of the function.
define
When we _______ a function, all of its instructions are executed.
call
The order in which a program executes its instructions.
control flow
Programmers use ______________ in their code to tell a computer which instructions (or in which order) to execute.
control structures
A control structure is _____________ if its instructions depend on some condition(s).
conditional
_________ are a type of data structure. They are used to contain multiple pieces of information that relate to each other in a specific, linear sequence.
lists
The position of value in a list is known as its ____________. This has a numerical value, with the first item in the list being 0.
index
When we add things to the end of an existing list, we say that we’re _____________ them to the end.
appending
