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Audiology for SLP > Cochlear implants > Flashcards

Cochlear implants Flashcards

1
Q

A cochlear implant is a device put directly into the cochlea to stimulate the __________ to transmit sound.

A

Nerve fibres of the auditory nerve

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2
Q

List the basic indications for cochlear implants.

A
  • -bilateral severe-to-profound hearing loss
  • -usually SNHL
  • -poor speech discrimination
  • -poor performance with hearing aids
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3
Q

The age range for receiving cochlear implants is very ____ (wide/narrow).

A

Wide - from less than a year to over 90 years old

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4
Q

3 out of _____ children are born with significant permanent hearing loss.

A

1000

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5
Q

____% of children will have temporary conductive hearing loss due to ear infections before 10 years of age.

A

95%

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6
Q

_____________ is the 3rd most common disability in older adults.

A

Acquired hearing loss

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7
Q

____% of adults who have hearing loss wear hearing aid devices.

A

20%

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8
Q

Neonatal trauma, such as _____, kernicterus, or intrauterine infections like rubella can cause deafness in newborns.

A

Hypoxia

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9
Q

________ deafness occurs before developing spoken language.

A

Prelingual

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10
Q

Because of neuroplasticity, the auditory cortex is reorganized to process __________ in adults after early onset deafness.

A

Visual input

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11
Q

List the basic auditory functions.

A 
Sound detection
Sound discrimination
Sound localization
Emotion identification
Music appreciation
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12
Q

List the components of a cochlear implant and their functions.

A

Microphone - digitizes incoming sound, decreases noise, increases signal.
Processor - separates components of speech signal.
Transmitter - communicates to receiver via FM.
Electrode array - stimulates the auditory nerve.

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13
Q

List some nice qualities of newer cochlear implants.

A

Wireless capabilities
Splash proof
Improved data logging
Fine tuners - helpful for parents, teachers, audiologists

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14
Q

A cochlear implant has ___ channels, but a real cochlea has ______ ganglion cells.

A

22

30,000

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15
Q

A cochlear implant has a dB range of _____ but a real cochlea has a range of ______.

A

10-20 dB

100 dB

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16
Q

To determine candidacy for cochlear implants, you must look at 2 criteria:

A
  1. Thresholds

2. Speech perception test scores

17
Q

For children between 25 months and 17 years old, one of the criteria for cochlear implant candidacy is that they show a score of _________________ on open set speech perception testing (Multi Lexical Neighbourhood test or Lexical Neighbourhood Test)

A

30% correct or less

18
Q

For adults 18+, candidacy for cochlear implants includes the criterion of a score of _________ on the implant ear, and a score of _______ on the non-implant ear, on the AzBio _________ test.

A

50% or less
60% or less
sentence recognition

19
Q

True or false: A person who wants their primary language to be a spoken language are more suitable candidates for cochlear implants than those who prefer a visual language.

A

True

20
Q

List some of the exclusion criteria for cochlear implants.

A
  • No air-bone gap greater than 15 dB
  • No progressive hearing loss
  • No autoimmune disease
  • No hearing loss from meningitis, otosclerosis, ossification
  • No malformations of the cochlea
  • No external ear contraindications to using amplification devices
  • Word scores of 60%+ at 65 dBSPL
21
Q

List some of the contraindications for cochlear implants.

A
  • Lack of oral communication experience for age
  • Lack of auditory nerve (narrow meatus)
  • Mastoid cavity can be a contraindication
  • Lack of commitment or support
  • Unable to undergo anesthetic
22
Q

What are some reasons to choose one ear to implant (or implant first) over the other?

A
  • It’s the better hearing or more recently deafened ear
  • It has the worse vestibular function
  • It hasn’t been operated on before (e.g. mastoidectomy)
  • Patient preference
  • Patient does not wear a hearing aid in that ear
23
Q

CI stimulation provides the most benefit when implants are provided between _____ years.

A

2-4

24
Q

A longer time difference between implanting the first and the second CI in bilateral users can lead to…

A

greater difference in speech perception between ears, depending on the hearing in the non-implanted ear (kids with poorer non-implanted ears may do better)

25
Q

After implantation surgery, a period of healing occurs for ____ weeks before _______.

A

4-6 weeks

initial stimulation

26
Q

After implantation surgery, a child will attend ________ therapy sessions once a week for 1 hour.

A

Auditory-verbal or SLP

27
Q

Children with CIs outperform their peers who ___________ on spoken language measures.

A

are deaf and use hearing aids

28
Q

A challenge with CIs is that they don’t provide as much nuanced auditory information, which really affects ______ and ____.

A

intonation

music

29
Q

One of the overarching goals of aural rehabilitation for CI users is to ensure children learn to ___________.

A

Attach meaning to what is heard through their CI

30
Q

Early sign language before implants are received can be beneficial, but ….

A

the use of residual hearing should be maximized

Audiology for SLP (4 decks)

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