Cochlear Implant Test Review Flashcards
Where is a cochlear implant implanted
Behind the ear; electrode array inserted into the cochlea
What part of the ear does the CI stimulate
Auditory nerve with electrical energy (by passes damaged cochlea)
What type of loss do you need to get a CI
sensorineural
What degree of hearing loss do you ned to get a CI
- severe to profound
- especially high frequency
External components of a CI
- microphone
- speech processor
- transmitter coil
Internal components of a CI
receiver, electrode array
Benefits of a CI
- Sound detection between 100-6000Hz
- better speech recognition and high frequency hearing
FDA approved brands
Cochlear nucleus, advanced bionics, Med-EL
How does a CI work?
Implant bypasses the damaged part of the ear by converting sounds into electrical signals, which stimulate the auditory nerve. It consists of both external and internal components: the external components pick up and process sound, and the internal implant delivers electrical stimulation to the auditory nerve, allowing the brain to perceive sounds.
What are the candidacy criteral for children getting a CI
- at least 9 months old
- severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss
- limited benefit from hearing aids after trial period
- High motivation and support from family to participate in auditory rehabilitation
What is the candidacy for criteria for adults getting CI
- moderate to profound sensorineural hearing loss
- limited benefit from hearing aids
- good general health and realistic expectations about the outcome of the implant
List and give a brief explanation of factors that are known to impact a child’s performance with a cochlear implant
- age of implantation: younger children tend to have better outcomes as early implantation takes advantages of critical periods for auditory development
- Length of deafness: Shorter durations of deafness lead to better results as the auditory pathways are more active
- Consistency of devise use: Regular use of the cochlear implant helps develop auditory skills
- Primary communication mode: oral communication environments tend to support better auditory development than sign language alone
- Family support and engagement: active family involvement in auditory training and speech therapy boosts progress
List and give a brief explanation of factors that are known to impact an adult’s performance with a cochlear implant
- duration of hearing loss: adults with shorter hearing loss durations generally achieve better results
- age of onset of hearing loss: post lingual adults (who became deaf after acquiring language) typically experience better outcomes than pre-lingual adults
- neural survival: the number of functioning auditory nerve fibers affect how well the implant stimulates the brain
- motivation and expectations: highly motivated adults with realistic expectations tend to have more successful adaptation to the device.
Differences between HA and CI
- HA: amplify sounds to send through damaged ear parts
- CI: bypass damage inner ear parts, stimulating the auditory nerve directly
Factors affecting CI performance
- age of deafness onset: earlier deafness can impact CI outcomes
- Length of deafness: longer durations may reduce effectiveness
- primary communication method: oral or sign language usage
- neural survival: remaining nerve cells in the cochlea
What does ABI stand for
auditory brainstem implant
where is the ABI located
brainstem (4th ventricle)
What does the ABI stimulate in the ear
bypasses cochlea and auditory nerve; directly stimulates the brainstem
What type of loss in needed for an ABI
sensorineural
What degree of loss is needed for an ABI
profound, typically for those without a functioning 8th nerve
Candidates for ABI
- those with no cochlea or a damaged cochlea nerve
- conditions like failed CI users
Outcomes of ABI
mostly sound awareness, with limited speech understanding
What is another name for Hybrid CI
Electroacoustic Implant
Where is the Hybrid CI located
similar to CI but with a shorter electrode array; also has a hearing aid component
What does the hybrid CI stimulate
Combines electric stimulation (for high frequencies) and acoustic amplification (for low frequencies)
type of hearing loss needed for a hybrid CI
mixed hearing loss
degree of loss for hybrid CI
moderate to profound
Candidates for a hybrid CI
- individuals with residual low-frequency hearing
- minimum age 18 years old
What does BAHA stand for
Bone anchored hearing device
What is the location of a BAHA
Titanium screw implant in the mastoid bone behind the ear
What does the BAHA stimulate
vibrates skull bone to stimulate the cochlea directly
Type of loss for a BAHA
conductive or single sided deafness
degree of loss for BAHA
Mild to moderate
Candidates for a BAHA
- people with conductive hearing loss
- chronic otitis media
- congenital ear malformations
What does MEI stand for
middle ear implant
Location of MEI
Middle ear, bypassing the outer eardrum
what does the MEI stimulate
directly stimulates the middle ear ossicles
Type of loss for MEI
conductive hearing loss
Degree of loss for MEI
Moderate to severe
Candidates for MEI
- adults and older children with issues in the ossicles or eardrum
- people who dislike traditional hearing aids do to occlusion or feedback
