Coasts - Management

Question 1

What are the 2 types of coastal management?

Answer 1

Hard Engineering = making physical change to a landscape using resistant materials

Soft Engineering = using natural systems for a coastal defence

Question 2

Name types of hard engineering?

Answer 2

• Sea wall = dissipate wave energy, barrier from flooding
• Rip – Rap = large boulders to dissipate wave energy,
• Gabions = rip raps in metal mesh and dissipate wave energy
• Revetments = step like structures to take force of wave
• Groynes = perpendicular to coast, barriers
• Offshore reefs = offshore rip raps

Question 3

Name types of soft engineering?

Answer 3

• Beach replenishment = using pups from sea to take sediment and rebuild beach
• Managed retreat = abandon current sea defences in hope to ease the pressure on built up areas on the coast – and focus defences elsewhere
• Dune regeneration = replanting plants with sandbags or mesh underneath, boardwalks for tourists, selective grazing for agriculture