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Geography > Coasts > Flashcards

Coasts Flashcards

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1
Q

How are Wave sizes determined?

A

Wind Speed
Length of time
Fetch

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2
Q

What are Destructive Waves?

A

Tall
Frequent
Weak Swash
Strong Backwash

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3
Q

What are Constructive Waves?

A 
Short
Less Frequent
Long Wave Length
Weak Backwash
Cause Deposition
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4
Q

What is Swash?

A

Waves travelling up the beach

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5
Q

What is Backwash?

A

Waves travelling down the beach

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6
Q

What is Erosion?

A

The breaking down of rock

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7
Q

What is Abrasion?

A

Rocks scraping against each other

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8
Q

What is Attrition?

A

Rocks colliding and breaking up

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9
Q

What is Hydraulic Action?

A

Power of the water breaking up the rocks

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10
Q

What is Solution?

A

Rocks dissolving in the water

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11
Q

What is Transportation?

A

Material being moved along the coast

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12
Q

What is Saltation?

A

Rocks bouncing

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13
Q

What is Suspension?

A

Sediment being held up in the sea

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14
Q

What is Traction?

A

Rocks rolling on the sea bed

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15
Q

Examples of Mass Movement

A

Slump
Slip
Rockfall

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16
Q

Formation of a Headland + Bay - 1

- Concordant -

A

A length of coastline made up of one type of rock

17
Q

Formation of a Headland + Bay - 2

- Discordant -

A

A stretch of coastline made up of altering types of rock

Erosion rates vary causing the formation of Bays + Headlands

18
Q
  • Formation of a Wave-Cut Platform -
    1. Waves ___ the base of a cliff.
    2. A wave cut ___ is formed by ___ action and ___.
    3. Over time the ___ gets bigger.
    4. The cliff above the ___ _____ leaving behind a wave cut ___.
    5. This process ___ and the platform grows in length.
A 
Attack
Notch
Hyrdaulic
Abrasion
Notch
Notch
Collapses
Platform
Repeats
19
Q

Case Study - Maldives -

How many people from how many islands affected by sea level rise?

A

1190 islands

350,000 people

20
Q

Case Study - Maldives -

What percentage of land area under 1m?

A

80%

21
Q

Case Study - Maldives -

How frequent does flooding occur?

A

Annually

22
Q

Case Study - Maldives -

What are the effects of the flooding?

A

Fresh water shortages

Tourist industry under threat

23
Q

Case Study - Maldives -

What are the responses to the flooding?

A

Japan donated £60, to build a sea wall around the capital

24
Q

Landforms linked to Long Shore Drift -

What is a Spit?

A

Formed when sediment is deposited behind a sheltered headland

25
Q

Landforms linked to Long Shore Drift -

What is a Bar?

A

Formed when deposition joins together two headlands

26
Q

Coastal Communities around the world -

The ______ has 28 million at risk.

A

The Carribean

27
Q

Coastal Communities around the world -

The Indian Ocean and the Maldives have _ million at risk.

A

4 Million

28
Q

Coastal Communities around the world -

The ______ has 20 million at risk.

A

The Pacific

Geography (5 decks)

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