Coasts

Question 1

Constructive wave

Answer 1

They break on the shore and deposit material, building up beaches.
They have a swash that is stronger than the backwash

Question 2

Destructive wave

Answer 2

They occur when wave energy is high and the wave has travelled over a long fetch.
They tend to erode the coast.
They have a stronger backwash than swash.

Question 3

Prevailing wind

Answer 3

The most common direction of wind

Question 4

Fetch

Answer 4

The distance wind blows over the surface of water

Question 5

3 processes of erosion

Answer 5

Abrasion
Attrition
Hydraulic action

Question 6

Abrasion

Answer 6

Bits of rock and sand in waves grind down cliff surfaces like sandpaper.

Question 7

Attrition

Answer 7

Waves smash rocks and pebbles on the shore into each other, and they break and become smoother.

Question 8

Hydraulic action

Answer 8

Air may become trapped in joints and cracks on a cliff face. When a wave breaks, the trapped air is compressed which weakens the cliff and causes erosion.

Question 9

2 different weathering

Answer 9

Chemical

Biological

Question 10

Chemical weathering

Answer 10

Where rain erodes the rocks because of its slightly acidic pH

Question 11

Biological weathering

Answer 11

Where plants bury their roots into the rocks, breaking them apart

Question 12

Acid rain

Answer 12

Rain with chemicals from pollution absorbed into it so that acts as an acid.

Question 13

Freeze-thaw

Answer 13

Freeze-thaw is when water gets into cracks in the rocks, and overnight it freezes and expands causing the rock to break and split.

Question 14

Corrosion

Answer 14

Corrosion is the chemical reaction between the sea water and minerals in the rocks.