Coasts

Question 0

Give a POSITIVE and a NEGATIVE impact of coastalisation on Australia.

Answer 0

POSITIVE: High quality services due to large population, more working adults in area means more money.
NEGATIVE: Overcrowding of the coasts, increased demand for food and water causing strain on Murray Darling river.

Question 1

What are the three coastalisation studies and brief overviews?

Answer 1

Australia - 5 major cities all located on the coast of Australia.
Florida - Inward migrants to this warm area subject to disaster.
Spain - Elderly migrants from EU strains on healthcare/economy.

Question 2

Give a POSITIVE and a NEGATIVE impact of coastalisation on Spain.

Answer 2

POSITIVE: Cheaper house prices good for new buyers.
NEGATIVE: Elderly migrants costing Spain money (for healthcare) whilst not paying taxes. Tensions with language barrier. Overcrowding.

Question 3

Give a POSITIVE and a NEGATIVE impact of coastalisation on Florida.

Answer 3

POSITIVE: Property value very high (good for economy), people draw away from rural areas allowing regrowth.
NEGATIVE: First time buyers cannot afford housing, area prone to natural disasters - rebuilding very expensive.

Question 4

Name 5 types of coastal risk

Answer 4

Erosion
Sea level change
Tsunamis
Storm surges
Human development

Question 5

Case study for storm surges?

Answer 5

1953 Thames storm surge caused mass flooding.

Question 6

Case study for erosion?

Answer 6

The Holderness Coast, 30 villages lost due to erosion in the past 1000 years.

Question 7

Case study for tsunamis?

Answer 7

Boxing Day Tsunami 2004, many countries in Asia affected, huge damage to property.

Question 8

Case study for human development on coasts?

Answer 8

Pembrokeshire Oil Spill 1997, destroyed environment so fewer tourists and biodiversity not recovered.

Question 9

Case study for eustatic/isostatic change (sea level)?

Answer 9

Stonehaven, Scotland: raised beaches (emergent landforms) from the sinking of the south of the UK due to ice age ice melting.

Question 10

Define Coastalisation

Answer 10

The urbanisation of and movement of people to the coast

Question 11

4 reasons why coastalisation happening? Why are coasts so popular?

Answer 11

1. By the sea = easier to trade.
2. Warmer and wetter = good for crops.
3. Windier and more water available for wind farms/tidal energy.
4. Popular for leisure/tourism.

Question 12

Name a POSITIVE impact of coastalisation

Answer 12

Boosts the economy

Question 13

Name 2 NEGATIVE impacts of coastalisation

Answer 13

Increased pollution
Overcrowding
Natural environment destroyed

Question 14

What are 4 players of coastalisation and their opinions for/against it?

Answer 14

Residents - FOR/AGAINST - more jobs but less beauty + overcrowding.
Business owners - FOR - more income
Tourists - FOR/AGAINST - more activities but less beauty
Environmentalists - AGAINST - more pollution, loss of natural habitat

Question 15

4 coastal ecosystems and their case studies..

Answer 15

Mangroves…Madagascar mangroves protected
Coral Reefs…Great Barrier Reef protected
Salt Marshes…Slimbridge salt marshes protected by RAMSAR
Sand Dunes…Studland Bay sand dunes protected by National Trust.

Question 16

What are the 3 services from salt marshes?

Answer 16

Coastal protection
Biodiverse habitats
Delivery of nutrients to coastal waters.

Question 17

Name 2 goods and 2 services of Mangroves

Answer 17

Goods: fuel from wood, building materials
Services: fisheries, coastal protection, tourism

Question 18

Name 2 goods and 2 services of coral reefs

Answer 18

Goods: food for marine life, food source for predators (fish)
Services: tourism, 25% of marine life supported

Question 19

Name 2 services provided by sand dunes

Answer 19

Habitats for insects and sea turtles

Coastal protection