Coasts Flashcards
What is the littoral zone?
The wider coastal zone, where land is subject to wave action
coast to offshore?
Coast
Backshore
Foreshore
Nearshore
Offshore
How can coasts be classified?
Geological Characteristics
Impacts of sea level changes
Rocky or cliffed
Coastal plains
Inputs from rivers
Examples of Igneous rock
Granite
Basalt
Dolerite
Examples of Metamorphic rock
Slate
Schist
Marble
Examples of Sedimentary rock
Sandstone
Limestone
Shale
Geological factors affecting coastal landscapes?
Lithology, Folding, Faulting, Jointing, Dip and orientation of rock outcrops relative to the alignment of the coastline
Order of sand dunes?
Embryo Dune
Fore dune
Yellow dune
Grey Dune
Mature dune
Different phytes?
Halophytes and Xerophytes
Halophytes
Plants that can tolerate salt water.
Xerophytes
Plants that can tolerate very dry conditions.
Plants on dunes?
Lyme Grass
Marram Grass
Prickly Saltwort
Plants on saltmarshes?
Glasswort
Sea Lavender
Four main types of marine erosion
Hydraulic Action
Abrasion
Attrition
Solution
Types of sediment transportation
Traction
Saltation
Suspension
Solution
Traction
Saltation
Suspension
Solution
explained
traction = Rolling
Saltation = Bouncing
Suspension = Carried in water
Solution = Dissolved
Depositional Features
Bayhead beach
Spit
Recurved hook spit
Bar
Tombolo
Cuspate forland
Sediment Cells
Long stretches of coastline that operate like self contained physical systems.
Inputs, flows and outputs.
Types of weathering
Mechanical, Biological, Chemical
Mechanical weathering examples
Freeze thaw
Wetting and drying
Salt crystal growth
Chemical weathering examples
Carbonation
Hydrolysis
Oxidation
Biological weathering examples
Tree root weathering
Rock Boring
Seaweed acid
