coasts

Question 1

fetch

Answer 1

The distance a wave travels and develops

Question 2

mass movement

Answer 2

When soil, rocks, and stones slip, slide or slump down a slope.

Question 3

hydraulic action

Answer 3

Waves crash against the cliff, forcing air and water into cracks, splitting them open

Question 4

abrasion

Answer 4

Sand/pebbles are used to RUB against the landscape to wear it away

Question 5

corrosion/solution

Answer 5

Soluble rock types are ‘dissolved’

Question 6

attrition

Answer 6

Rocks HIT against each other making them smaller and more rounded.

Question 7

chemical weathering

Answer 7

When acids/ salt in water dissolve rock

Question 8

biological weathering

Answer 8

when tree roots widen cracks in rocks

Question 9

physical weathering

Answer 9

When rock is broken into smaller pieces by processes such as e.g freeze thaw

Question 10

longshore drift

Answer 10

Zig-zag movement of material along a coast

Question 11

swaah

Answer 11

The flow of water up the beach at the same angle as the wind

Question 12

backwash

Answer 12

The flow of water back into the sea at right angles to the beach

Question 13

traction

Answer 13

Larger boulders rolled along

Question 14

saltation

Answer 14

Smaller pebbles bounce along

Question 15

suspension

Answer 15

Very small sediment floats

Question 16

solution

Answer 16

Tiny particles are dissolved

Question 17

beach profile

Answer 17

The cross sectional shape of a beach

Question 18

hard engineering

Answer 18

Man made structures used to protect the coastline

Question 19

soft engineering

Answer 19

Natural methods used to protect the coastline

Question 20

inter-tidal zone

Answer 20

The part of the shoreline that is between high and low tide.

Question 21

retreat the line

Answer 21

Allow land to flood naturally and the coastline to move inland.

Question 22

hold the line

Answer 22

Use hard enginering to prevent flooding and kep the current position of the

Question 23

advance the line

Answer 23

Build new coastal defences further out to sea away to create a new coastline

Question 24

shoreline management plan

Answer 24

report by councils to way up the benefits and costs of installing sea defences.

Question 25

headlands and bays

Answer 25

An erosional landform where harder bands of rock stick out as headlands and softer bands of rock retreat as bays

Question 26

wave cut platform

Answer 26

An erosional landform - A rocky base left behind as cliffs are eroded and retreat backwards

Question 27

arch, stack and stump

Answer 27

An erosional landform - Headland that has eroded to leave a column of rock on its own

Question 28

spit

Answer 28

A depositional landform - material that is deposited at the end of a headland and extends out to sea