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Geography > Coastal Systems > Flashcards

Coastal Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

Landform

A

A feature created by natural Processes.

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2
Q

Landscape

A

all visible features in an area.

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3
Q

Characteristic Landscape

A

The combination of related landforms in an area.

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4
Q

Coastal Landscape

A

Occur on the interface between land and the sea.

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5
Q

Landforms are created by

A

Weathering
Erosion
Transportation
Deposition

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6
Q

natural system

A

Simplifying the complexity of our world so we can understand it.

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7
Q

Coasts as a system

A

In a state of dynamic equilibrium if the inputs and outputs are balanced.

An open system, but closed as a sediment cell

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8
Q

Positive feedback

A

System experiences further change away from equilibrium.

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9
Q

Examples Of Positive feedback

A 
portlock in somerset,
Shingle ridge was breached,
Flooding land behind,
Regular flooding,
Widened breach,
Land behind now a salt marsh.
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10
Q

Systems Model

A

Components of an aspect of geography and how the stores are linked through flows.

Exist within a boundary.

Involve energy and/or matter flowing between stores.

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11
Q

Negative Feedback

A

Stabilises system, reducing impact of change, maintaining dynamic equilibrium.

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12
Q

Example of negative feedback.

A

If beach is eroded during a storm,
Sediment might form an offshore bar, waves will break on bar,dissipating energy, reducing erosion on the beach, after storm sediment back to the beach.

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13
Q

The littoral zone

A

A series of sub-zones to represent the features of the wider coastline from sea to land.

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14
Q

Sub-zones of the littoral zone

A

Offshore, Nearshore, foreshore, backshore

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15
Q

Inputs and outputs of the littoral zone

A

Sediment is the key input and output of the system.

Determined by the action of waves,currents,wind and deposition

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16
Q

High energy coasts

A

Characterised by Destructive waves, long fetches, high rates of erosion, Landforms of erosion.

17
Q

Low energy Coasts

A

Characterised by

Constructive waves, shorter fetches, higher rates of deposition, Landforms of deposition.

18
Q

Waves

A

Two types of waves

constructive and destructive.

19
Q

Constructive

A

Happens at low frequency

Long and low

Form gently sloping beaches

Deposit material due to backwash being less powerful than swash.

20
Q

Destructive

A

Responsible for erosional processes

Happens at high frequency.

Steep and high

Remove material from coasts because swash is less powerful than the backwash.

21
Q

Currents

A

Currents are the movement of surface water in the oceans.

22
Q

Types of currents

A

Longshore

Rip

Global Ocean Circulation

23
Q

Longshore Currents

A

When a flow of water runs parallel to the shoreline. Where waves approach at an angle.

24
Q

Rip Currents

A

Strong currents which flow away from the shoreline.

25
Q

Global Ocean Circulation Currents

A

Upwelling is movment of cold water from the deep ocean to the surface.

26
Q

Tides

A

Water is pulled towards the moon,Bringing a high tide on each side of the earth.

Follow the moon as it orbits the earth.

Tides are also influenced by the shape of the seabed, the Coriolis force and nearby landmasses

27
Q

Spring tide

A

When the moon and sun and earth a spring tide occurs. Highest tide.

28
Q

Neap Tide.

A

When the moon and sun are perpendicular.

29
Q

Tidal Range

A

The difference in height between high and low tide.

30
Q

Why do they varies

A

Over time due to differences in heights of tides

31
Q

Why is it Important

A

Erosion and deposition will occur in this zone.

32
Q

Tidal Surges

A

Occur when storms bring much higher water levels than usual.

33
Q

Why ?

A

This is often due to the low-pressure conditions created by atmospheric depressions.

34
Q

Processes of Erosion

A

Erosion is the wearing away of rock.

35
Q

Attrition

A

Where peices

Geography (2 decks)

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