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Geography > Coastal Processes > Flashcards

Coastal Processes Flashcards

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1
Q

Define abrasion

A

Rocks thrown up by waves

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2
Q

Hydraulic action

A

Pressure from air being compressed in rocks

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3
Q

Cavitation

A

Waves recede causing air to expand in cracks

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4
Q

Wave quarrying

A

Wave hitting cliff face

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5
Q

Solution

A

Rocks dissolved by sea water

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6
Q

Attrition

A

Bits of rock smash together in the water

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7
Q

Solution (transportation)

A

Dissolved substances carried along in the water

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8
Q

Suspension

A

Fine material whipped up by turbulence and carried along

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9
Q

Saltation

A

Force of water causes them to bounce along the sea bed

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10
Q

Traction

A

Boulders pushed along by water

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11
Q

Longshore drift

A

Smash carries sediment up the beach, parallel to the prevailing wind. Backwash carries sediment back down the beach at 90 degree angle to the shore

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12
Q

Two ways in which material is deposited

A

Marine and aeolian

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13
Q

Describe salt weathering

A
  • caused by saline water
  • saline water enters pores or cracks in rocks at high tide
  • as tide goes out the rocks dry and the water evaporates forming salt crystals
  • as salt crystals form they expand, exerting pressure on the rock
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14
Q

What is biological weathering?

A

Roots grow into the ground forcing them into cracks causing them to break off

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15
Q

What is a slide?

A

Material shifting in a straight line

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16
Q

What is slumping

A

Material shifts with a rotation

17
Q

What is rockfall

A

Material breaks up and falls

18
Q

What is mudflow

A

Material flows down a slope

19
Q

What is chemical weathering?

A

Breakdown of rock by changing chemical composition. Eg. CO2 in rainwater creates acid rain which reacts with calcium carbonate to dissolve the rock

20
Q

What is mechanical weathering?

A

Freeze thaw weathering. Water enters cracks in rocks and expands when it freezes. It then melts and freezes again causing the crack to expand and the rock to weaken

Geography (3 decks)

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