coastal management

Question 1

explain what soft engineering is?

Answer 1

• natural environment
• reduce coastal erosion

Question 2

what are 2 different techniques of soft engineering

Answer 2

beach nourishment and managed retreat

Question 3

what is beach nourisment

Answer 3

• build up of sand
• else where on a beach
• reduces erosion of waves on cliffs

Question 4

name 2 hard engineering techniques

Answer 4

sea walls and groynes

Question 5

what is hard engineering

Answer 5

-building artificial structures
- control natural processes at a local scale.

Question 6

what is a sea wall

Answer 6

a solid wall to separate the land from the sea

Question 7

what is a groyne

Answer 7

a groyne is a wooden barrier at a 90 degree angle against the beach

Question 8

disadvantage of a sea wall

Answer 8

expensive to build and maintain. also be unattractive

Question 9

advantage of a sea wall

Answer 9

protects the base of cliffs land and buildings against erosion

Question 10

disadvantage of a groyne

Answer 10

They can be unattractive. Costly to build and maintain.

Question 11

advantage of a groyne

Answer 11

-Prevents longshore drift moving beach material
-Allows the build-up of a beach.

Question 12

what is managed retreat

Answer 12

Areas of the coast erode and flood naturally.

Question 13

disadvantage of managed retreat

Answer 13

• people lack of understanding.
  -Requires long term planning.

Question 14

advantage of managed retreat

Answer 14

This is a cheap
salt marsh provide habitats for wildlife and a natural defence against erosion and flooding.

Question 15

disadvantage of beach nourishment

Answer 15

Added sand may erode, because of storms
Expensive
requires repeated application.

Question 16

advantage of beach nourishment

Answer 16

flood and erosion protection
coastal tourism,
coastal habitats preservation

Question 17

what case study is coastal management

Answer 17

lyme Regis

Question 18

name 2 different type of weathering

Answer 18

Biological, chemical

Question 19

name all 4 types of erosion

Answer 19

abrasion, hydraulic action, attrition, solution

Question 20

what is abrasion

Answer 20

When pebbles grind along the river bank and bed in a sand-papering effect.

Question 21

what is hydrolic action

Answer 21

This is the sheer power of the water as it smashes against the river banks. Air becomes trapped in the cracks of the river bank and bed, and causes the rock to break apart.

Question 22

what is solution

Answer 22

When the water dissolves certain types of rocks, eg limestone.

Question 23

what is attrition

Answer 23

When rocks that the river is carrying knock against each other. They break apart to become smaller and more rounded.