coastal landforms and processes test

Question 1

erosional coasts

Answer 1

the process of rising sea levels, strong waves and flooding wearing down and carrying away rock, soil and sand along the coast.

Question 2

Depositional coasts

Answer 2

a sediment supply that results in the creations of new landforms.

Question 3

constructive waves

Answer 3

low energy waves that result in the build-up of sediment on the shore

Question 4

destructive waves

Answer 4

stronger back washes that swash. The backwash pulls sediment into the ocean causing erosion

Question 5

wave breaking

Answer 5

the wave gets too step and gravity pulls it down as it hits the bottom of the ocean

Question 6

fetch

Answer 6

the distance over the water that the wind blows in a single direction

Question 7

Longshore drift (and diagram)

Answer 7

as a sheet of water moves on and off the beach. It transports sediment back out to sea.

Question 8

neap tides

Answer 8

when the moon and sun line at a 90-degree angle. The tide is at its lowest.

Question 9

spring tides

Answer 9

when the sun moon and earth are all in line

Question 10

Attrition

Answer 10

the act of wearing down due to friction

Question 11

abrasion

Answer 11

the process of scraping or wearing something away

Question 12

Corrasion

Answer 12

is a chemical reaction between air/salt waste in seaweed and the rocks surface, causing small particles of rock to disintegrate.

Question 13

weathering

Answer 13

Weathering - breaking down or dissolving of rock and mineral on earths surface.

Question 14

hydraulic action

Answer 14

sheer force of water crashing against the coast causing material to be dislodged and carried away by the ocean

Question 15

rates of erosion

Answer 15

he gain of mass of suspended sediment by unit of time considering the absence of sediment advection.

Question 16

wave cut

Answer 16

gently sloping rock ledge that extends from the high-tide level at the steep cliff base to below he low-tide level.

Question 17

rock platform

Answer 17

flat platforms at were formed by waves , wind and rain carved into rock

Question 18

stacks

Answer 18

isolated outcrops rocks standing in the ocean called sea stack. They were part of the headland before being eroded away.

Question 19

stumps

Answer 19

formed when a sea stack is eroded and worn down until it is just above the seas surface

Question 20

cliff notch

Answer 20

forms between high and low tide where destructive waves Impact.

Question 21

wave notch

Answer 21

• a cut in the cliff caused by hydraulic action and abrasion.

Question 22

blowhole

Answer 22

caves that open up in the ground above when waves enter the sea cave with force he wave can travel upwards and escape through the opening.

Question 23

Spit-

Answer 23

Spit- a coastal landform or an embankment of sand and sediment.

Question 24

dunes

Answer 24

a ridge of sand that builds up by wind and water at the rear of the beach.

Question 25

dune system

Answer 25

includes areas that have been artificially covered by structures lawns, roads and fill. primary, secondary and t