Coastal Environments

Question 1

coast

Answer 1

the region where the land meets the sea

Question 2

Zones of the coast

Answer 2

Coast, shore, coastline, intertidal zone, backshore, berm, hinterland, coastal waters, nearshore waters,
offshore waters.

Question 3

Deposition

Answer 3

is the laying down of sediment carried by wind, flowing water, the sea or ice

Question 4

Erosion

Answer 4

continuous process of wearing down and transporting soil, rock, and other materials by natural forces like water and wind, resulting in changes to the Earth’s surface.

Question 5

Sea stack

Answer 5

isolated pillar or column of rock that remains standing off the coast, formed by the erosion of a headland or sea cliff due to the action of waves and weathering.

Question 6

Rock platform

Answer 6

A broad and level expanse of solid rock found along a coastline, shaped by the erosive effects of waves and providing habitat for intertidal life.

Question 7

Arch

Answer 7

A natural rock formation characterized by a curved or arched structure that typically results from erosion and weathering, often found in coastal or desert environments.

Question 8

Beach

Answer 8

a narrow, gently sloping strip of land that lies along the edge of an ocean, lake, or river (there created by movement and deposition of sediments like sand)

Question 9

Sand spit

Answer 9

A narrow, elongated deposit of sand or sediment that extends from the mainland into a body of water, often forming in coastal areas due to the action of waves and currents.

Question 10

Sand dunes

Answer 10

Mounds or hills of sand formed by wind or water deposition, often found in arid or coastal regions, and can vary in size and shape.

Question 11

Coral reef

Answer 11

Underwater gardens made by tiny animals (Underwater ecosystems composed of calcium carbonate structures built by living coral polyps. These reefs are found in warm, shallow tropical waters and support diverse marine life.)

Question 12

Seagrass meadow

Answer 12

Underwater fields of grass-like plants in the coastal ocean that provide habitat for marine animals and protect shorelines.

Question 13

Weathering

Answer 13

The breaking down of rocks and land by natural processes like wind, rain, and temperature changes.

Question 14

Transportation

Answer 14

The movement of eroded materials like soil and rocks by agents such as water, wind, or ice.

Question 15

Constructive waves

Answer 15

Ocean waves that gently deposit sand and create beaches.

Question 16

Destructive waves

Answer 16

Ocean waves that erode shorelines and remove sand.

Question 17

Longshore drift

Answer 17

The movement of sand and pebbles along a coastline by waves and currents.

Question 18

Beach nourishment

Answer 18

Adding sand or sediment to a beach to combat erosion.

Question 19

Sea wall

Answer 19

A barrier built to protect coastal areas from wave erosion and flooding.

Question 20

Groyne

Answer 20

A structure built at a right angle to the beach to trap sand and prevent erosion.

Question 21

Weather

Answer 21

The short-term conditions of the atmosphere, like temperature and precipitation.

Question 22

Climate

Answer 22

The long-term patterns of weather in a particular region.

Question 23

Global warming

Answer 23

The increase in Earth’s average temperature due to the buildup of greenhouse gases.

Question 24

Climate change

Answer 24

Long-term shifts in climate patterns and temperatures on Earth.

Question 25

Greenhouse Effect

Answer 25

The natural process where gases trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.

Question 26

Enhanced Greenhouse Effect

Answer 26

An intensification of the greenhouse effect due to increased greenhouse gas concentrations.

Question 27

Greenhouse gases

Answer 27

Gases like carbon dioxide that contribute to the greenhouse effect.

Question 28

Kyoto Protocol

Answer 28

An international treaty aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Question 29

Paris Agreement

Answer 29

An international pact to combat climate change by limiting global warming.

Question 30

Renewable energy

Answer 30

Energy sources like wind and solar power that can be replenished naturally.

Question 31

Fossil fuels

Answer 31

Non-renewable energy sources like coal, oil, and natural gas.

Question 32

Sea level rises

Answer 32

The increase in the height of the ocean’s surface due to melting ice and thermal expansion.

Question 33

Climate refugees

Answer 33

People who are forced to leave their homes due to climate-related changes like sea-level rise or extreme weather.