Coastal

Question 0

BEACH

Answer 0

Formed by constructive waves.

The swash carries the material up the beach, then there is a slow/weak backwash = DEPOSITION because of Gentle Gradient.

Question 1

ATTRITION

Answer 1

When waves cause rocks and boulders on the beach to collide and break into small parts.

Question 2

CONCORDANT COASTLINES

Answer 2

Rocks are parallel to the coast. There are alternating bands of hard and soft rock.

Question 3

CONSTRUCTIVE WAVES

Answer 3

Less powerful waves = Sand Spits.

Question 4

CORRASION / ABRASION

Answer 4

Caused by large waves hurling beach material against a cliff.

Question 5

CORROSION / SOLUTION

Answer 5

When salts and other acids in seawater slowly dissolve a cliff.

Question 6

DESTRUCTIVE WAVES

Answer 6

Shingle Spits

Question 7

DORSET COAST

Answer 7

South coast of England
2 hours from London
16 million tourists visit every year = 50 miliion visitor days per year
37500 tourist related jobs - attracted to coastal scenery
Ideal for watersports
Warm summer temperatures (16)
Sunniest part of UK
Large sections are SSSIs due to wildlife

Question 8

DORSET NOT SUSTAINABLE

Answer 8

Honeypots mean the landscape will become more degraded.

Question 9

FIORDS or SEA LOCHS

Answer 9

Where upland glaciated areas meet the coast.

Question 10

HARD DEFENCES

Answer 10

Major engineering projects e.g. Sea Walls.

Question 11

HEADLANDS AND BAYS

Answer 11

Form along coastlines where there are perpindicular outcrops of resistant and less resistant. Destructive waves erode the areas of softer rock to from bays. Hard rock which is more resistant stick out to form Headlands.

Question 12

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE

Answer 12

The force of waves compressing air in cracks in a cliff.

Question 13

ISOSTATIC READJUSTMENT

Answer 13

The end of the ice age the land that was once recovered by the ice sheet, has being rising up. The weight of the ice pressing down on the land has been removed, so the land is rising to form Raised Beaches.

Question 14

LOAD

Answer 14

All the material carried by breaking waves. Some comes from rivers entering sea; landslides on cliffs and river erosion.

Question 15

LONGSHORE DRIFT

Answer 15

The swash and backwash push and drag material up and down the beach. When waves break obliquely to the shore, the swash moves obliquely up the beach, but the backwash runs back perpindicular to the shore.

Question 16

MULTIPLIER EFFECT

Answer 16

When the owners and managers of the touristical services can then spend more money and so the extra wealth spreads throught the community.

Question 17

PEAK SEASONS

Answer 17

Summer months, Weekends, Bank Holidays.

Question 18

POOLE HARBOUR

Answer 18

Biggest natural harbour in the UK.

Question 19

RIAS

Answer 19

When ice melted and sea levels rose, often drowning estuaries.

Question 20

SAND BAR

Answer 20

When a sandspit extends across a bay and join up with the beach at the other side.

Question 21

SAND SPITS

Answer 21

Long narrow accumulations of sand / shingle deposited by longshore drift. One end is joined to the land, the other goes in to the sea. Forms where coastline changes direction, produce sheltered area of water behind them.

Question 22

SEA WALL

Answer 22

Aim to absorb wave energy in place of a beach, and protect foot of a cliff. Expensive, ugly and restricts access.

Question 23

SOFT DEFENCES

Answer 23

Less intrusive e.g. Dune Stabilisation.

Question 24

SPITS

Answer 24

Sand or pebble beaches joined to the land at one end. Formed by longshore drift and where the sea is sheltered, shallow and calm.

Question 25

SSSI

Answer 25

Site of Special Scientific Interest.

Question 26

TO LIMIT BEACH EROSION

Answer 26

Beach nourishment and Beach stabilisation.

Question 27

TO PROTECT CLIFFS

Answer 27

Sea Walls and Groynes.

Question 28

TOMBOLO

Answer 28

A sand spit may grow out from the coast to reach an island.

Question 29

TOURISM JOBS

Answer 29

Local shops, restraunt and food catering industry and in the entertainment fields.

Question 30

WAYS OF CONSERVING ENVIRONMENT

Answer 30

Provide information and guided walks to educate visitors. Restrict access to very sensitive areas. Provide wardens to look after the area.