Coaptation (Lewis)

Question 1

Coaptation

Definition

Answer 1

• To approximate
• Extra-corporeal tx modalities for musculoskeletal abnormalities
• Examples
  
  • casts
  • splints
  • slings
  • bandages

Question 2

Fracture reduction

Toggeling

Answer 2

• approximate to optimize healing
  
  • closed reduction I guess….
• approximate to restore normal function
  
  • functional after alignment
• minimize additional trauma

Question 3

Splints (coaptation) counteract what forces?

Answer 3

Bending

Question 4

Coaptation indications

Answer 4

• temporary immobilization of musculoskeletal injuries
• Fractures
  
  • younger animals
  • distal extremities
  • simple/stable fractures
• ligament and tendon injuries

Question 5

Coaptation:

Basic principle

Answer 5

• Prolonged coaptation contraindicated following open reduction and internal fixation
  
  • will not increases stability
  • promotes fracture dz

Question 6

Coaptation: types

Answer 6

• Schanz soft padded bandage
  
  • nothing rigid
  • dec. seroma formation
• lateral coaptation splints
• full and half cylinder casts

Question 7

Coaptation: application

Answer 7

• Genearlly requires sedation or anesthesia
• radiograph limb following application
  
  • and probably post lux too
• take two orthogonal view radiographs
• include joint proximal and distal to injury

Question 8

pre-formed splints

Answer 8

pad depression

Question 9

malleable splints

Answer 9

pad protuberances

Question 10

Digits

Answer 10

• Always leave digits exposed
  
  • or get a lawyer

Question 11

Lateral splint

Answer 11

• ie: tongue depressors
• put in functional position
  
  • normal standing angles
• Cling goes on snug

Question 12

Splint materials

Answer 12

• Yacca board
• Aluminum splint rod
• Thermoplastics
• Fiberglass/resin, other synthetic cast material
• Plaster of Paris
  
  • large animal only…?

Question 13

Coaptation: Cardinal rule

Test question

Answer 13

• immobilize joint proximal and distal to injury
• coaptation device usually extends to digits

Question 14

Spica Splint or cast

Answer 14

• Coaptation which extends proximally over midline
• Used for injuries proximal to elbow or stifle
  
  • elbow lux
  • humoral fx
  • some shoulder injuries
  • scalpal fx

Question 15

Robert Jones bandage

Answer 15

• Temporary immobilization
• prevent swelling and further displacement
• injuries distal to humeral condyle
• injuries distal to femoral condyles

*big bulkly cotton stuffs, and used in Large animal

Question 16

Mason-Meta Splint

Answer 16

• Pre-formed or self fashioned spoon splints
• injuries distal to carpus and hock
  
  • don’t use for radius/ulna fracture

Question 17

Don’t pin the ….

Answer 17

radius

Question 18

Velpeau sling

Answer 18

• Prevents weight bearing
• used for
  
  • scapular fractures
  • some shoulder injuries
• no hard materials, just soft stuff

Question 19

Figure-of-eight sling

Answer 19

• prevents weight bearing
• Used following coxofemoral luxations
• Flexes, abducts and internally rotates hip

Question 20

Most hip luxations go

Answer 20

craniodorsal

Question 21

Ehmer sling

Answer 21

• like figure-of-eight but wraps around dogs waist
• maintains flexion, abduction and internal rotation

Question 22

90/90 flexion bandage

Answer 22

• non-weight bearing sling
• stifle and hock maintained at 90 degress
• used to prevent ‘quadriceps tie-down’
  
  • maintains quadriceps mechanism in extension
• Usually only keep on for a couple days
• form of physical therapy

Question 23

When using closed reduction we don’t always get

Answer 23

anatomic alignment

-does need to have functional alignment tho