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Computer Organization and Assembly Language > COA Tutorial > Flashcards

COA Tutorial Flashcards

1
Q

is concerned with the way hardware components are connected together to form a computer system.

A

Computer Architecture

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2
Q

It acts as the interface between hardware and software.

A

Computer Architecture

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3
Q

It deals with the components of a connection in a system.

A

Computer Organization

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4
Q

tells us how exactly all the units in the system are arranged and interconnected.

A

Computer Organization

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5
Q

is concerned with the structure and behaviour of a computer system as seen by the user.

A

Computer Organization

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6
Q

helps us to understand the functionalities of a system.

A

Computer Architecture

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7
Q

expresses the realization of architecture.

A

Computer Organization

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8
Q

While designing a computer system —- is considered first.

A

Computer Architecture

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9
Q

deals with high-level design issues.

A

Computer Architecture

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10
Q

deals with low-level design issues.

A

Computer Organization

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11
Q

involves Logic (Instruction sets, Addressing modes, Data types, Cache optimization)

A

Computer Architecture

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12
Q

involves Physical Components (Circuit design, Adders, Signals, Peripherals)

A

Computer Organization

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13
Q

was the first computing system designed in the early 1940s.

A

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)

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14
Q

It consisted of 18,000 buzzing electronic switches

A

vacuum tubes

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15
Q

It was organized in U-Shaped around the perimeter of a room with forced air cooling.

A

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)

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16
Q

42 panels each 9’x 2’x1’

A

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)

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17
Q

design was known as the first digital electronic computer (though not programmable)

A

Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC)

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18
Q

It was designed and built by John Vincent Atanasoff and his assistant, Clifford E. Berry in 1937.

A

Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC)

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19
Q

were invented in 1947 at Bell Laboratories which were a fraction the size of the vacuum tubes and consumed less power, but still, the complex circuits were not easy to handle.

A

Transistors

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20
Q

it was heavy weighing 7.3 kg (16 lb) and extremely expensive.

A

Macintosh Portable

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21
Q

In 1990, Apple released the

A

Macintosh Portable

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22
Q

had 512 microprocessors. This technological advancement was very significant as it was used as a model for some of the fastest multi-processors systems in the world.

A

Touchstone Delta supercomputer,

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23
Q

was launched as the first personal computer with a graphical user interface (GUI) that was sold commercially; it ran on the Motorola 68000, dual floppy disk drives, a 5 MB hard drive and had 1MB of RAM.

A

1983, Lisa

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24
Q

is still the global market leader in IC manufacturing, research, and development.

A

1968, Robert Noyce co-founded Intel Electronics company

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25
Q

invented the Integrated Circuit at the same time. In July 1959 Noyce filed a patent for this.

A

Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce

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26
Q

was invented by German inventor Konrad Zuse. It was the first working programmable, fully automatic computing machine.

A

1941, Z3

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27
Q

It was designed and built by John Vincent Atanasoff and his assistant, Clifford E. Berry in 1937.

A

Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC)

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28
Q

describes the functions and design of the various units of a digital system.

A

computer organization

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29
Q

deals with the specification of the instruction set and the hardware units that implement the instructions.

A

Computer architecture

30
Q

consists of electronic circuits, displays, magnetic and optic storage media and also the communication facilities.

A

Computer hardware

31
Q

is the best-known example of a digital system.

A

general-purpose computer system

32
Q

The operations performed on the data stored in registers

A

Micro-operations.

33
Q

is the symbolic representation of notations used to specify the sequence of micro-operations.

A

Register Transfer Language

34
Q

refers to the availability of hardware logic circuits that can perform a given micro-operation and transfer the result of the operation to the same or another register.

A

Register Transfer

35
Q

can be considered as a digital circuit that has three gates, two of which are signals equivalent to logic 1 and 0 as in a conventional gate. However, the third gate exhibits a high-impedance state.

A

three state gates

36
Q

The most commonly used three state gates in case of the bus system

A

buffer gate.

37
Q

The transfer of information from a memory unit to the user end

A

Read

38
Q

The transfer of new information to be stored in the memory

A

Write

39
Q

A memory word is designated by the letter

A

M

40
Q

is one of the most critical registers in CPU.

A

Program counter

41
Q

monitors the execution of instructions. It keeps track on which instruction is being executed and what the next instruction will be.

A

Program counter

42
Q

is used to hold the instruction that is currently being executed.

A

instruction register IR

43
Q

are used to handle the data transfer between the main memory and the processor.

A

two registers MAR and MDR

44
Q

holds the address of the main memory to or from which data is to be transferred.

A

MAR

45
Q

contains the data to be written into or read from the addressed word of the main memory.

A

MDR

46
Q

provides an external asynchronous input that informs the processor that it should complete whatever instruction that is currently being executed and fetch a new routine that will service the requesting device.

A

Interrupt method

47
Q

can be referred as an electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions given by a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.

A

Central processing unit

48
Q

is used to hold the instruction that is currently being executed.

A

instruction register IR

49
Q

monitors the execution of instructions. It keeps track on which instruction is being executed and what the next instruction will be.

A

Program counter

50
Q

s one of the most critical registers in CPU.

A

Program counter

51
Q

holds the address of the main memory to or from which data is to be transferred.

A

MAR

52
Q

contains the data to be written into or read from the addressed word of the main memory.

A

MDR

53
Q

the General System Architecture is divided into two major classification units.

A

Store Program Control Concept

Flynn’s Classification of Computers

54
Q

refers to the storage of instructions in computer memory to enable it to perform a variety of tasks in sequence or intermittently.

A

Stored Program Control Concept

55
Q

who proposed that a program be electronically stored in the binary-number format in a memory device so that instructions could be modified by the computer as determined by intermediate computational results.

A

John von Neumann

56
Q

was the first computing system designed in the early 1940s. It was based on Stored Program Concept in which machine use memory for processing data.

A

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)

57
Q

Stored Program Concept can be further classified in three basic ways:

A

Von-Neumann Model
General Purpose System
Parallel Processing

58
Q

The sequence of instructions read from memory constitutes an

A

instruction stream.

59
Q

The operations performed on the data in the processor constitute a

A

data stream.

60
Q

Flynn’s classification divides computers into four major groups that are:

A

Single instruction stream, single data stream (SISD)

Single instruction stream, multiple data stream (SIMD)

Multiple instruction stream, single data stream (MISD)

Multiple instruction stream, multiple data stream (MIMD)

61
Q

are a type of computer memory used to quickly accept, store, and transfer data and instructions that are being used immediately by the CPU. The registers used by the CPU are often termed as Processor registers.

A

Registers

62
Q

may hold an instruction, a storage address, or any data (such as bit sequence or individual characters).

A

processor register

63
Q

has a capacity of 4096 words, and each word contains 16 bits.

A

Memory unit

64
Q

contains 16 bits which hold the operand read from the memory location.

A

Data Register (DR)

65
Q

contains 12 bits which hold the address for the memory location.

A

Memory Address Register (MAR)

66
Q

also contains 12 bits which hold the address of the next instruction to

A

Program Counter (PC)

67
Q

is a general purpose processing register.

A

Accumulator (AC) register

68
Q

is used for holding the temporary data during the processing.

A

Temporary Register (TR)

69
Q

holds the input characters given by the user.

A

Input Registers (IR)

70
Q

holds the output after processing the input data.

A

Output Registers (OR)

Computer Organization and Assembly Language (1 decks)

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