Co-tranpsort

Question 1

Process of co transport

Answer 1

• Na+ ions are pumped out the cell via into the capillary bu the sodium- potassium pump using active transport
• maintains the diffusion gradient of Na+ ions in the lumen (high) to the epithelial cell (low)
• Na+ ions diffuse into the cell down their diffusion gradient through the co transport protein
• for this to happen glucose binds to the protein and is therefor brought into with Na+
• glucose molecules pass into eg blood plasma via facial facilitated diffusion using another type of carrier protein

Question 2

How to increase movement arose membrane

Answer 2

Epithelial cells lining the ileum have microvilli which are finger like projections that increase the surface area allowing exchange to occur at a much quicker rate

Question 3

Role of active transport in co-transport

Answer 3

• allows a concentration gradient for sodium ions to be created which then allows the facilitated diffusion of sodium into the epithelial cell to occur which then allows the glucose molecules to be diffused across into the epithelial cell