co-ordination and control Flashcards
stimulus
anything we respond to which is detected by a receptor
effector
something that produces a response e.g a muscle or a gland
CNS
made up of your brain and spinal cord
sensory neurones
carry electrical impulses in from the receptor to the CNS
motor neurones
carry electrical impulses out from the CNS to an effector which makes the response
voluntary action
we choose to do this, they involve using the brain
reflex actions
these do not involve thinking they are much faster
synapses
gaps between the neurones
hormones
chemical messengers that are produced by glands and travel in the blood to a target organ
homeostasis
blood glucose
osmoregulation
insulin
produced by the pancreas
stops blood glucose levels becoming too high
type one diabetes
childhood when pancreas stops producing insulin
the diabetic has to inject insulin
type two diabetes
bad lifestyle e.g obesity
controlled by diet and by taking tablets
sugar too low
drink a sugary drink
sugar too high
inject more insulin
long term effects of diabetes
eye damage
heart disease
strokes
kidney damage
osmoregulation
controls the water in the body and is controlled by the brain,kidneys and hormones (ADA)
ADH
anti diuretic hormone is produced by the brain when water levels in the blood are two low
reabsorbed dilute
levels of ADH decrease so less water is reabsorbed in the kidney this leads to large volumes of dilute urine
where is ADH produced
pituary gland
phototropism auxins
a hormone lead response that a plant grows towards stimulus
where is auxin made
in the stem tip
more auxin is made on the side away from the light causing the cells to grow more and elongate more
