CNS tumors Flashcards
what is the location of primary brain tumors in adults vs children
adults: supratentorial
children: infratentorial
what are the MC primary CNS tumors in adults? (3)
gliobastoma multiforme
meningioma, schwannoma
what are the MC primary CNS tumors in kids? (3)
pilocytic astrocytoma
ependyoma
medulloblastoma
Where does gliobastoma multiforme usually arise and what is it’s buzzword explained?
arises in cerebral hemisphere and characteristically crosses the corpus callosum “butterfly lesion”
what does gliobastoma multiforme look like on micro
regions of necrosis surrounded by tumor cells (pseudopalisading) and endothelial cell proliferation
What does gliobastoma multiforme stain positive for? and what is this
GFAP+
-intermediate filament present in glial cells
What is the MC malignant and benign CNS tumor in adults
malignant = gliobastoma multiforme benign = meningioma
what does histo reveal in meningiomas
Whorled pattern, psammoma bodies
Schwannoma: beign or malignant
benign
Schwannoma: stains what?
S-100+
Schwannoma: bilateral tumors are assc with what?
NF-2
Oligodendroma: imaging appearance
calcified tumor in white matter involving frontal lobe
Oligodendroma: what might it present with?
seizures
What is the MC CNS tumor in kids?
pilocytic astrocytoma
Where does pilocytic astrocytoma usually arise
cerebellum
pilocytic astrocytoma: imaging
cystic lesion with a mural nodule (nidule growing in it’s wall)
pilocytic astrocytoma: bx shows what?
rosentha fibers (thick eosinophilic processes of astrocytes)
medulloblastoma: benign or malignant? derived from what
malignant; derived from the granular cells of the cerebellum (neuroectoderm)
medulloblastoma: how does it spread and what is it called when it spreads to cauda equina
spreads via CSF, called a “drop metastasis” when spreads to cauda equina
Ependyoma: arises where and presents how? and why does it have this CP
arises in 4th ventricle and presents with hydrocephalus bc it grows out into ventricle and blocks CSF flow
From what does a craniopharyngioma arise
epithelial remnants of Rathke’s pouch (pharynx tissue)
How does craniopharyngioma present?
bitemporal hemianopsia
what is seen on imaging in craniopharyngioma
calcifications (derived from tooth like material)
craniopharyngioma: benign or malignant
benign but tends to recur after resection
